Table 1.

Categories of RIAS Exchange

Major category	Sub-category	Examples of specific RIAS codes
Question-asking	Biomedical	Open-ended and closed ended biomedical questions
	Lifestyle/Psychosocial	Open-ended and closed ended psychosocial questions
Information-giving	Biomedical	Gives biomedical and therapeutic information
	Lifestyle/Psychosocial	Gives lifestyle and psychosocial information
Socio-emotional communication	Emotional talk	Empathy, legitimation, partnership
	Positive talk	Laughter, approval, compliments
	Negative talk	Criticisms, disagreements, concern
	Social chit-chat	Chit-chat
Patient activation	--	Asking for other’s opinion, confirming the other’s understanding, clarifying one’s own understanding