Table 1.
Variables | NGT (n=3280) | Pre-diabetes a (n=791) | P |
---|---|---|---|
Mean ± S.D. | |||
Age, year | 31.7 ± 7.5 | 33.7 ± 8.6 | <0.0001 |
Height, m | 1.5 ± 0.1 | 1.5 ± 0.1 | 0.0920 |
Weight, kg | 52.5 ± 6.9 | 53.4 ± 7.5 | 0.0014 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 22.2 ± 2.5 | 22.7 ± 2.8 | <0.0001 |
Whole body fat, kg | 13.9 ± 4.7 | 14.6 ± 5.2 | 0.0002 |
%whole body fat b | 25.9 ± 6.0 | 26.8 ± 6.3 | 0.0002 |
Truncal fat, kg | 7.0 ± 2.7 | 7.6 ± 3.0 | <0.0001 |
%Truncal fat c | 49.8 ± 4.4 | 50.9 ± 4.3 | <0.0001 |
Lower body fat, kg | 4.5 ± 1.4 | 4.6 ± 1.4 | 0.0981 |
%Lower body fat d | 33.3 ± 5.0 | 32.3 ± 4.9 | <0.0001 |
Waist circumference (WC), cm | 72.2 ± 7.3 | 74.3 ± 8.1 | <0.0001 |
Fasting insulin, mU/L | 6.7 ± 6.2 | 7.6 ± 9.1 | 0.0097 |
Fasting glucose, mmol/L | 4.4 ± 0.6 | 5.7 ± 0.8 | <0.0001 |
HOMA-1e | 1.3 ± 1.2 | 1.9 ± 2.5 | <0.0001 |
2H-OGTT insulin, mU/L | 24.2 ± 23.3 | 28.1 ± 26.9 | 0.0001 |
2H-OGTT glucose, mmol/L | 5.2 ± 1.1 | 7.0 ± 1.9 | <0.0001 |
N (%) | |||
Education | |||
Illiterate | 1256(38.3) | 343(43.4) | 0.0050 |
Primary School | 1067(32.5) | 265(33.5) | |
Middle School | 745(22.7) | 140(17.7) | |
Higher Middle School | 212(6.5) | 43(5.4) | |
Farmer | 2505(76.4) | 639(80.8) | 0.0080 |
Previous Alcohol Use | 36(1.1) | 12(1.5) | 0.3270 |
Current Alcohol Use | 79(2.4) | 23(2.9) | 0.4200 |
NGT, normal glucose tolerance; pre-diabetes: fasting glucose: 5.6~7.0 mmol/L and/or 2H-OGTT glucose: 7.8~11.1 mmol/L;
% whole body fat (%BF) = 100 × (whole body fat) ÷ Weight;
%Truncal fat (%TF)= 100 × (Truncal fat) ÷ Whole body fat;
%Lower body fat (%LF)=100 × (whole body fat-truncal fat-upper extremities fat-head fat ) ÷ whole body fat;
HOMA-1 = fast insulin × fast glucose ÷ 22.5, where the unit of fasting glucose and fasting insulin is mmol/L and mU/L, respectively;
P value was generated by t-test for continuous variables and Chi square test for categorical variables.