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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Immunol. 2010 Mar 29;184(9):5029–5037. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.0903463

Figure 2. Estradiol inhibits NF-κB signaling.

Figure 2

(A) Cells were treated with NF-κB activation inhibitor (10 μM) for 1 hour followed by LPS stimulation for 5 hours. TNF-α levels in culture supernatants were measured by ELISA. N.D., not detected. (B) Whole cell lysates were prepared from macrophages pre-treated with estradiol and then stimulated with LPS for 1 hour. IKKβ, IκBα and phospho-IκBα levels were measured by immunoblot and GAPDH served as a loading control. (C) Cells were treated as in B, and nuclear lysates were prepared and analyzed for p65 by ELISA. Data are normalized to control treated, unstimulated lev28ls. *p<0.01 vs. LPS stimulation alone. **p<0.05 vs. control treated and unstimulated.

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