Table 4.
Use of Analgesic and Acid-Suppressing Drugs Among Individuals With a Diagnosis of Depression Compared With Individuals With No Diagnosis of Depression, and Their Association With a Diagnosis of Depressiona
| Variable | Depression Cohort (n=47,170)b | Comparison Cohort (n=50,000)b | Odds Ratioc | 95% CI |
| NSAIDs | 3,420 (7.3) | 2,303 (4.6) | 1.25 | 1.17–1.33 |
| Paracetamol | 3,818 (8.1) | 2,094 (4.2) | 1.57 | 1.47–1.67 |
| PPIs | 2,609 (5.5) | 1,428 (2.9) | 1.31 | 1.22–1.41 |
| H2RAs | 756 (1.6) | 425 (0.9) | 1.36 | 1.20–1.55 |
a
Data are presented as n (%).
b
Patients whose supply of medication from their most recent prescription lasted until the index date or ended in the 30 days before the index date.
c
Odds ratios adjusted for age, sex, calendar year, smoking, primary care physician visits, stress, sleep and anxiety disorders, and all drugs included in the table.
Abbreviations: H2RAs=histamine-2 receptor antagonists, NSAIDs=nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, PPIs=proton pump inhibitor.