TABLE 2.
Mice Lacking E2F and/or Rb Proteins in the developing CNS Display Abnormalities in Cellular Proliferation, Apoptosis, Migration, and Differentiation
| Phenotypes of E2F and Rb mutant mice within the developing CNS | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genotype | Proliferation | Apoptosis | Migration or differentiation | Reference(s) |
| Rb−/− | ↑↑ | ↑↑ | ↓Embryonic neurogenesis |
Clark et al. 1992; Jacks et al. 1992; Lee et al. 1992; Slack et al. 1998 |
| E2F1−/− | –(↑) | –(↓) | (↓Adult neurogenesis) |
Cooper-Kuhn et al. 2002; Tsai et al. 1998; Wang et al. 2007 |
| E2F2−/− | ND | ND | ||
| E2F3−/− | –(↓) | – | McClellan et al. 2007; Ziebold et al. 2001; | |
| E2F3a−/− | – | – | Chong et al. 2009 | |
| E2F3b−/− | – | – | Chong et al. 2009 | |
| E2F4−/− | – | ND | Reduced size of the ventral telencephalon | Rudnicki et al. 2007 |
| E2F5−/− | ND | ND | Develop hydrocephalus | Lindeman et al. 1998 |
| E2F1−/−Rb−/− | –* | –* | Saavedra et al. 2002; Tsai et al. 1998; | |
| E2F2−/−Rb−/− | ↑ | ↑↑ | Saavedra et al. 2002 | |
| E2F3−/−Rb−/− | –* | –* | Saavedra et al. 2002; Ziebold et al. 2001; | |
| E2F3a−/−Rb−/− | – | –* | Chong et al. 2009 | |
| E2F3b−/−Rb−/− | ↑ | ↑ | Chong et al. 2009 | |
| Foxg1CreRblox/lox | ↑↑ | –* | ↓migratory interneurons | Ferguson et al. 2002 |
| Foxg1Cre E2F1−/−Rblox/lox | – | – | ↓migratory interneurons | McClellan et al. 2007 |
| Foxg1Cre E2F3−/−Rblox/lox | – | – | –migratory interneurons | McClellan et al. 2007 |
Quantitative differences in proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and differention are displayed within the graph as increases ↑, or decreases ↓ or no change (−) as compared with wild-type mice. Several phenotypes observed in the developing CNS are specific and not observed in the PNS (denoted in the chart by a *) or in the adult CNS (denoted by (↑) or (↓)). Phenotypes which have not been described are listed as ND.