TABLE II.
WS (n = 17) | Matched control (n = 17) | P-value | |
---|---|---|---|
Age (y)a | 32.1 (9.1) | 32.9 (9.2) | 0.54 |
Sex | |||
M | 7 | 7 | 1.00 |
F | 10 | 10 | |
BMI (kg/m2)a | 24.8 (5.5) | 25.7 (4.3) | 0.34 |
Hypertensionb | |||
Yes | 8 (47) | 0 (0) | 0.01 |
No | 9 (53) | 17 (100) | |
Glucose tolerance statusb,c | |||
Normal glucose tolerance | 7 (41) | 17 (100) | 0.02 |
Impaired glucose tolerance | 10 (59) | 0 (0) | |
Fasting glucose (mg/dl)a | 89.8 (11.7) | 91.4 (6.1) | 0.69 |
Fasting insulin (median/IQR) | 10 (6–18) | 9 (7–9) | 0.09 |
HOMA-IR (median/IQR) | 2.23 (1.4–5.4) | 1.89 (1.5–2.4) | 0.74 |
WBISI (median/IQR) | 4.46 (2.8–7.3) | 5.21 (4.2–6.1) | 0.67 |
Insulinogenic index (median/IQR) | 0.96 (0.4–1.1) | 1.05 (.6–1.4) | 0.32 |
AUC glucosea | 144 (31) | 116 (20) | 0.004 |
AUC insulin (median/IQR) | 46.4 (31.2–77.2) | 41.0 (31.3–51.4) | 0.62 |
AUC, area under curve; BMI, body mass index; F, female; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment–insulin resistance; IQR, interquartile range; M, male; WBISI, whole body insulin sensitivity index; WS, Williams syndrome; y, year.
Mean (SD).
Frequency (%).
WS cases with previously unrecognized diabetes were not matched to healthy controls.