. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Jun 9.

Published in final edited form as: Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet. 2010 May 15;154C(2):291–298. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.c.30261

TABLE II.

Non-Diabetic Williams Syndrome Patients Versus Matched Controls

	WS (n = 17)	Matched control (n = 17)	P-value
Age (y)^a	32.1 (9.1)	32.9 (9.2)	0.54
Sex
M	7	7	1.00
F	10	10
BMI (kg/m²)^a	24.8 (5.5)	25.7 (4.3)	0.34
Hypertension^b
Yes	8 (47)	0 (0)	0.01
No	9 (53)	17 (100)
Glucose tolerance status^b,^c
Normal glucose tolerance	7 (41)	17 (100)	0.02
Impaired glucose tolerance	10 (59)	0 (0)
Fasting glucose (mg/dl)^a	89.8 (11.7)	91.4 (6.1)	0.69
Fasting insulin (median/IQR)	10 (6–18)	9 (7–9)	0.09
HOMA-IR (median/IQR)	2.23 (1.4–5.4)	1.89 (1.5–2.4)	0.74
WBISI (median/IQR)	4.46 (2.8–7.3)	5.21 (4.2–6.1)	0.67
Insulinogenic index (median/IQR)	0.96 (0.4–1.1)	1.05 (.6–1.4)	0.32
AUC glucose^a	144 (31)	116 (20)	0.004
AUC insulin (median/IQR)	46.4 (31.2–77.2)	41.0 (31.3–51.4)	0.62

AUC, area under curve; BMI, body mass index; F, female; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment–insulin resistance; IQR, interquartile range; M, male; WBISI, whole body insulin sensitivity index; WS, Williams syndrome; y, year.

Mean (SD).

Frequency (%).

WS cases with previously unrecognized diabetes were not matched to healthy controls.