TABLE III.
Lean |
Overweight/obese |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
WS, N = 8 | Control, N = 8 | P-value | WS, N = 9 | Control, N = 9 | P-value | |
Agea | 29.9 (8.2) | 32.0 (9.1) | 0.29 | 34.1 (10.0) | 33.7 (9.8) | 0.79 |
BMIa | 20.1 (2.8) | 21.6 (1.8) | 0.03 | 29.0 (3.5) | 28.6 (2.8) | 0.63 |
Glucose tolerance statusb,c | ||||||
Normal glucose tolerance | 4 | 8 | 0.13 | 3 | 9 | 0.04 |
Impaired glucose tolerance | 4 | 0 | 6 | 0 | ||
Fasting glucosea | 90.9 (17.6) | 90.6 (6.1) | 0.97 | 88.8 (13.8) | 91.8 (5.7) | 0.42 |
Fasting insulin (median/IQR) | 5.5 (4.0–18.0) | 7.5 (6.0–8.0) | 0.89 | 14.0 (10.0–22.0) | 9.0 (7.5–10.0) | 0.04 |
HOMA-IR (median/IQR) | 1.26 (0.71–4.86) | 1.83 (1.36–1.90) | 0.81 | 2.40 (2.09–5.96) | 2.33 (1.57–2.84) | 0.43 |
WBISI (median/IQR) | 7.62 (4.01–9.10) | 5.24 (5.08–7.43) | 0.69 | 4.29 (2.03–4.50) | 4.90 (4.53–5.37) | 0.07 |
Insulinogenic index (median/IQR) | 0.61 (0.07–1.19) | 0.83 (0.32–1.13) | 0.58 | 1.00 (0.94–1.08) | 1.13 (1.00–1.69) | 0.43 |
AUC glucosea | 141.6 (31.4) | 119.5 (23.5) | 0.20 | 145.9 (32.6) | 113.1 (16.1) | 0.006 |
AUC insulin (median/IQR) | 31.9 (25.1–45.5) | 36.1 (30.7–47.8) | 0.47 | 67.0 (47.4–77.5) | 43.3 (33.9–59.0) | 0.24 |
AUC, area under curve; BMI, body mass index; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment–insulin resistance; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance; IQR, interquartile range; NGT, normal glucose tolerance; WBISI, whole body insulin sensitivity index; WS, Williams syndrome; y, year.
Mean (SD).
Frequency (%).
WS cases with previously unrecognized diabetes were not matched to healthy controls.