. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Jun 9.

Published in final edited form as: Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet. 2010 May 15;154C(2):291–298. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.c.30261

TABLE III.

Lean WS Patients Versus Matched Controls, and Overweight/Obese WS Patients Versus Matched Controls

	Lean			Overweight/obese
	WS, N = 8	Control, N = 8	P-value	WS, N = 9	Control, N = 9	P-value
Age^a	29.9 (8.2)	32.0 (9.1)	0.29	34.1 (10.0)	33.7 (9.8)	0.79
BMI^a	20.1 (2.8)	21.6 (1.8)	0.03	29.0 (3.5)	28.6 (2.8)	0.63
Glucose tolerance status^b,^c
Normal glucose tolerance	4	8	0.13	3	9	0.04
Impaired glucose tolerance	4	0		6	0
Fasting glucose^a	90.9 (17.6)	90.6 (6.1)	0.97	88.8 (13.8)	91.8 (5.7)	0.42
Fasting insulin (median/IQR)	5.5 (4.0–18.0)	7.5 (6.0–8.0)	0.89	14.0 (10.0–22.0)	9.0 (7.5–10.0)	0.04
HOMA-IR (median/IQR)	1.26 (0.71–4.86)	1.83 (1.36–1.90)	0.81	2.40 (2.09–5.96)	2.33 (1.57–2.84)	0.43
WBISI (median/IQR)	7.62 (4.01–9.10)	5.24 (5.08–7.43)	0.69	4.29 (2.03–4.50)	4.90 (4.53–5.37)	0.07
Insulinogenic index (median/IQR)	0.61 (0.07–1.19)	0.83 (0.32–1.13)	0.58	1.00 (0.94–1.08)	1.13 (1.00–1.69)	0.43
AUC glucose^a	141.6 (31.4)	119.5 (23.5)	0.20	145.9 (32.6)	113.1 (16.1)	0.006
AUC insulin (median/IQR)	31.9 (25.1–45.5)	36.1 (30.7–47.8)	0.47	67.0 (47.4–77.5)	43.3 (33.9–59.0)	0.24

AUC, area under curve; BMI, body mass index; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment–insulin resistance; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance; IQR, interquartile range; NGT, normal glucose tolerance; WBISI, whole body insulin sensitivity index; WS, Williams syndrome; y, year.

Mean (SD).

Frequency (%).

WS cases with previously unrecognized diabetes were not matched to healthy controls.