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. 2010 May 25;102(11):1555–1577. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605642

Table 3. Some in vitro assays for pharmacokinetic/ADME properties.

Property Assays
Chemical and physical properties In silico predictions or in vitro measurements of logP (Mannhold et al, 2009), logD (Bruneau and McElroy, 2006; Dohta et al, 2007), pKa (Lee et al, 2007) and solubility (Colclough et al, 2008; Du-Cuny et al, 2008)
Metabolism Mouse, rat, human liver microsomes, hepatocytes, S9 incubations, UGT assays (Houston and Carlile, 1997; Riley et al, 2002)
Passive diffusion/cell uptake PAMPA (Ottaviani et al, 2006)
Cell and gut permeability predictions Caco-2 cells (Artursson et al, 2001)
Blood–brain barrier permeability predictions hCMEC/D3 cells (Poller et al, 2008)
Drug–drug interactions (e.g., CYP450) Human liver microsomes, hepatocytes, CYP enzyme screens (Masimirembwa et al, 2001)
Protein binding Measurement by dialysis or ultrafiltration (Howard et al, 2010)

Abbreviations: ADME=absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination; CYP450=cytochrome-P450; PAMPA=parallel artificial membrane permeability assay; UGT=uridine diphospho (UDP)-glucuronosyltransferase.