Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Jun 10.
Published in final edited form as: Public Health Nutr. 2008 Sep 9;12(8):1052–1060. doi: 10.1017/S1368980008003583

Table 2.

Final univariate estimates of heritability, trait means and covariate effects for physical activity and body composition traits, and their standard errors: subset of adults from the Southwest Ohio Family Study whose visits occurred between January 2003 and November 2006

n h2 SE c2 SE μ SE σP SE βage† SE βsex SE βage2† SE βage×sex† SE βage2 × sex† SE βrace SE βrace × sex SE βeducation SE βsmoking SE % of variation due to covariate effects
Leisure PA 518 0.17** 0.09 0.25** 0.08 2.51*** 0.04 0.66*** 0.02 – – – Leisure PA – – – – – – 0.0
Sport PA 519 0.26** 0.10 0.13 0.09 2.56*** 0.06 0.66*** 0.02 −7.75** 1.94 −0.54*** 0.06 – Sport PA – – – – 0.28*** 0.07 −0.16* 0.07 20.6
Work PA 517 0.13 0.09 0.13 0.09 2.93*** 0.04 0.64*** 0.02 – – – Work PA – – – – −0.31*** 0.06 – 5.2
Total PA 512 0.29** 0.11 0.13 0.09 7.93*** 0.10 1.30*** 0.04 −12.16* 3.70 −0.50** 0.11 – Total PA – – – – – – 5.8
Weight‡ (kg) 521 0.47*** 0.10 0.07 0.09 4.50*** 0.02 0.20*** 0.01 2.62** 0.56 – −0.12** Weight‡ (kg) 0.03 – – – −0.18** 0.02 – – 19.4
Height (cm) 521 0.82*** 0.07 0.11* 0.06 178.28*** 0.60 6.35*** 0.22 – −14.17*** 0.49 −3.54** Height (cm) 0.83 −114.37* 20.39 – – – 1.39* 0.56 – 60.8
BMI‡ (kg/m2) 521 0.35** 0.11 0.13 0.09 3.36*** 0.02 0.19*** 0.01 3.45*** 0.54 0.14** 0.03 −0.09** BMI‡ (kg/m2) 0.03 – – – −0.15*** 0.03 −0.05** 0.02 – 13.3
BFM (kg) 490 0.35*** 0.10 0.09 0.08 22.33*** 0.84 8.46*** 0.28 194.17*** 24.47 11.53*** 1.42 −3.93* BFM (kg) 1.35 – – – −5.57** 1.46 −1.72* 0.86 – 25.8
%BF§ 490 0.38*** 0.10 0.08 0.08 4.83*** 0.05 0.54*** 0.02 15.78*** 1.59 1.45*** 0.09 – %BF§ – – – −0.29** 0.09 −0.10* 0.05 −0.18** 0.06 61.6
TFM (kg) 490 0.35*** 0.10 0.12 0.08 12.11*** 0.50 5.06*** 0.17 141.70*** 14.66 4.35*** 0.85 −3.39** TFM (kg) 0.80 – – – −2.70** 0.87 −1.03* 0.51 – 21.3
VAT‡ (kg) 521 0.36*** 0.10 0.13 0.09 1.12*** 0.12 0.66*** 0.02 27.09*** 1.87 −0.47** 0.14 −0.87*** VAT‡ (kg) 0.15 – 0.49** 0.20 0.41** 0.13 −0.41** 0.14 −0.16* 0.07 – 41.6
SAT‡ (kg) 521 0.44*** 0.11 0.08 0.09 1.58*** 0.06 0.59*** 0.02 10.50*** 1.65 0.56*** 0.09 −0.41*** SAT‡ (kg) 0.09 – – – −0.31** 0.10 −0.11* 0.06 – 17.6
BFMI‡ (kg/m2) 490 0.37*** 0.10 0.09 0.09 1.90*** 0.04 0.36*** 0.01 9.58*** 1.05 0.62*** 0.06 −0.13** BFMI‡ (kg/m2) 0.06 – – – −0.21** 0.06 −0.08* 0.04 −0.11* 0.04 41.3
TFMI‡ (kg/m2) 490 0.41*** 0.10 0.12 0.08 1.22*** 0.05 0.46*** 0.02 15.37*** 1.32 0.47*** 0.08 −0.40*** TFMI‡ (kg/m2) 0.11 – 0.26* 0.14 – −0.23** 0.08 – – 31.3
VFI‡ (kg/m2) 521 0.36*** 0.10 0.13 0.08 −0.02*** 0.13 0.66*** 0.02 28.00*** 1.87 −0.30* 0.14 −0.83*** VFI‡ (kg/m2) 0.15 – 0.51** 0.20 0.39** 0.13 −0.41** 0.14 −0.18** 0.07 – 38.2
SFI‡ (kg/m2) 521 0.44*** 0.11 0.10 0.09 0.42*** 0.06 0.59*** 0.02 11.44*** 1.65 0.74*** 0.09 −0.36** SFI‡ (kg/m2) 0.09 – – – −0.33** 0.10 −0.13* 0.06 – 25.1

h2, additive genetic effects; c2, household effects; μ, mean effects; σP, standard deviation; βage, age effect; βsex, sex effect (positive sex effects correspond to females); βage2, age-squared effect; βage×sex, age-by-sex effect; βage2×sex, age-squared-by-sex effect; βrace, race effects (positive race effects correspond to whites); βeducation, education effect (positive education effects correspond to those with university education); βsmoking, smoking effect (positive smoking effects correspond to smokers); PA, physical activity; BFM, total body fat mass; %BF, percentage body fat; TFM, trunk fat mass; VAT, visceral adipose tissue; SAT, subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue; BFMI, fat mass index; TFMI, trunk mass index; VFI, visceral fat index; SFI, subcutaneous fat index.

Only significant parameters are shown for covariates:

*

P<0.05,

**

P<0.01,

***

P<0.0001.

†

Value ×10−3.

‡

Variables were log-transformed.

§

Variables were square-root-transformed.