Figure 1. Learning impairment in patients with cirrhosis and overt hepatic encephalopathy.

Figure 1: The 1^st half of the ICT is identical to the 2^nd half, therefore learning capability and working memory can be tested using ICT performance. There was a significant learning effect in normal cirrhotics and those with minimal HE but not in overt HE. This indicates a learning impairment in overt HE despite adequate therapy in these patients. A high number of lures indicates poor psychometric performance on the ICT. 1^st: Lures in the first half, 2^nd: lures in the second half, ICT: inhibitory control test, HE: hepatic encephalopathy, overt HE: recent overt hepatic encephalopathy controlled on lactulose therapy.