Table 2.
Comparison of Demographic and Clinical Variables Between Chronically Critically Ill Patients of Caucasian and Non-Caucasian Caregivers at Hospital Discharge (n=370).
| Variable | Non-Caucasian Caregivers (n=118) |
Caucasian Caregivers (n=252) |
t | p | d2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD)3 | Mean (SD) | ||||
| Age (years) | 51.9 (16.8) | 56.9 (17.4) | 2.60 | .008 | .30 |
| Confidence Interval | 48.8 – 54.9 | 54.8 – 59.1 | |||
| Charlson score1 | 1.4 (2.0) | 1.4 (1.7) | −0.05 | .96 | .02 |
| Confidence Interval | 1.0 – 1.8 | 1.1 – 1.6 | |||
| Hospital stay (days)1 | 25.1 (17.2) | 27.2 (15.3) | −1.99 | .05 | .13 |
| Confidence Interval | 21.9–28.2 | 25.3– 29.1 | |||
| ICU stay (days)1 | 15.2 (12.6) | 14.9 (9.9) | −0.37 | .71 | .02 |
| Confidence Interval | 12.9 – 17.5 | 13.7 – 16.2 | |||
| Mechanical ventilation (days)1 | 11.9 (12.5) | 9.9 (7.9) | −1.12 | .26 | .21 |
| Confidence Interval | 9.7 – 14.2 | 8.9 – 10.9 | |||
| Variable | Non-Caucasian1 Caregivers (n=118) |
Caucasian Caregivers (n=252) |
χ2 | p | Φ5 |
| n (%) | n (%) | ||||
| Female gender | 55 (46.6) | 108 (42.9) | 0.46 | .50 | .04 |
| Primary Diagnosis | 2.51 | .64 | .08 | ||
| • Cardiac | 9 ( 7.6) | 27 (10.7) | |||
| • Trauma | 35 (29.7) | 70 (27.8) | |||
| • Respiratory | 26 (22.0) | 47 (18.7) | |||
| • Neurologic | 27 (22.9) | 51 (20.2) | |||
| • Other4 | 21 (17.8) | 57 (22.6) | |||
| Discharged from hospital | 0.01 | .91 | .00 | ||
| • With tracheotomy | 67 (56.8) | 143 (57.4) | |||
| Discharged from hospital | 0.98 | .61 | .05 | ||
| • With ventilator | 30 (25.4) | 53 (21.3) | |||
| Discharge disposition | 5.75 | .22 | .13 | ||
| • LTAC | 53 (44.9) | 103 (40.9) | |||
| • Rehabilitation | 23 (19.5) | 54 (21.4) | |||
| • Nursing Home | 25 (21.2) | 62 (24.6) | |||
| • Home | 16 (13.6) | 22 ( 8.7) | |||
| • Other | 1 ( 0.8) | 11 ( 4.4) | |||
| Post-hospital discharge death | 18 (16.7) | 39 (16.6) | 0.00 | .99 | .00 |
1
These variables were positively skewed. Mann-Whitney U was performed and z values and their associated p-values are reported.
2
d, Cohen’s d (effect size)
3
SD, Standard deviation
4
Other includes the following diagnoses: Gastrointestinal (n=34), metabolic (n=3), hematologic (n=1), infectious disease (n=33), and other (n=7).
5
Phi coefficient (effect size)