Table 1.
Composition of tested nasal MDZ formulations
| Applied MDZ dose | MDZ concentration (base) | Delivered volume | RMβCD (w : v) | Chitosan HCl (w : v) | NaCl (w : v) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formulation 1 | 1 mg | 5 mg ml−1 | 2 × 0.1 ml | – | – | 0.9% |
| MDZ | ||||||
| Formulation 2 | 1 mg | 5 mg ml−1 | 2 × 0.1 ml | 2% | – | 0.8% |
| MDZ + RMβCD | ||||||
| Formulation 3 | 1 mg | 10 mg ml−1 | 0.1 ml | 4% | – | 0.8% |
| MDZ + RMβCD | ||||||
| Formulation 4 | 3 mg | 30 mg ml−1 | 0.1 ml | 12% | – | 0.2% |
| MDZ + RMβCD | ||||||
| Formulation 5 | 3 mg | 30 mg ml−1 | 0.1 ml | 12% | 0.5% | 0.1% |
| MDZ + RMβCD + Chitosan | ||||||
Composition of aqueous midazolam solution for intranasal application. MDZ, midazolam; RMβ5CD, randomly methylated-β5-cyclodextrin. Concentration of RMβ5CD is equimolar to MDZ. Osmolality adjusted to 300 mosmol kg−1 with NaCl. Formulations 1 and 2 were applied bilaterally to deliver total dose of 1 mg.