Table 2.

Cardiovascular outcomes among Pennsylvania Medicare beneficiaries (primary cohort) who recently initiated a selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor or nsNSAID^*

	Events†	Person-years	Incidence rate per 100 person-years (95% CI)	Adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI)‡
Celecoxib	1,630	15,242	10.7 (10.2, 11.2)	0.89 (0.83, 0.94)
Rofecoxib	1,314	8,936	14.7 (13.9, 15.5)	1.22 (1.14, 1.30)
Valdecoxib	215	2,317	9.3 (8.1, 10.6)	0.86 (0.75, 0.99)
Diclofenac	92	987	9.3 (7.5, 11.4)	0.91 (0.74, 1.13)
Ibuprofen	209	1,784	11.7 (10.2, 13.4)	0.96 (0.83, 1.10)
Naproxen	162	1,904	8.5 (7.2, 9.9)	0.79 (0.67, 0.93)
Other nsNSAID§	533	5,122	10.4 (9.5, 11.3)	0.87 (0.79, 0.96)
Nonusers	3,107	27,844	11.2 (10.8, 11.6)	Reference

^*nsNSAID = nonselective nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug; 95% CI = 95% confidence interval.

^†Includes the cardiovascular outcomes such as myocardial infarction, stroke, congestive heart failure, and out-of-hospital death attributable to cardiovascular disease.

^‡Adjusted hazard ratios from Cox proportional hazards models including all variables in Table 1.

^§Other nsNSAIDs are listed in Table 1.