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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Jun 14.
Published in final edited form as: J Alzheimers Dis. 2009 Dec;18(4):885–896. doi: 10.3233/JAD-2009-1196

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Identification of GAL hyperinnervated and non-hyperinnervated cholinergic NB neurons. (A) Photomicrograph shows a cholinergic NB neuron (brown) from a NCI case associated with very sparse, fine caliber GAL-immunoreactive fibers (blue/black). This neuron was scored with a 1 based on a semi-quantitative GAL innervation rating scale (see Methods). (B) Photomicrograph shows a cholinergic NB neuron from a late stage AD case lightly innervated with fine caliber GAL fibers which were relatively more abundant than the neurons shown in (A). This cell was scored with a 2. (C, D) Photomicrographs show cholinergic NB neurons from AD cases hyperinnervated with abundant thickened GAL-immunoreactive fibers. These neurons were scored with a 3. (E-G) Sequential series of photomicrographs showing isolation (E) and accession (F) of a GAL-hyperinnervated NB neuron within the CBF of an AD subject. Photomicrograph in (G) is a magnification of (F). * denotes site of NB neuron microaspiration.