FIGURE 9.

A–D, shown are the effects of various antioxidants fed for 3 weeks as indicated on dystrophic osteoblasts in nasal turbinates of castrated GRKO male mice (hematoxylin and eosin stain). Insets show immunostaining of adjacent sections with osterix antibody and identify committed osteoblasts. Note that the subperiosteal cell mass in panel A (GRKO-CX on regular diet) contains osterix-positive cells at the apex of the cell mass and osterix-negative cells closer to the remnant bone indicating graded differentiation. B shows normal bone in ASC-fed mice. C and D show that pycnogenol reduces but does not eliminate the proliferation of immature osterix-positive osteoblasts, whereas resveratrol appears to have normalizing effects on the turbinate structure.