Table 2.
Characteristics of Selected Studies of Promoter Methylation Detected in Circulation
| Reference | Sample Type and Size | Genes | Methylation Frequency | Coverage A |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hoque et al (66)B | Plasma Cases (n=47) |
GSTP1 RARβ2 RASSF1A APC |
26% 26% 32% 17% |
62% |
| Plasma Healthy Controls (n=38) |
GSTP1 RARβ2 RASSF1A APC |
0 8% 5% 0 |
||
| Müller et al (67)B | Serum Cases Primary tumors (n=26) |
ESR1 APC HSD17β4 HIC1 RASSF1A |
27% 23% 12% 39% 23% |
Not Calculated |
| Recurrent breast cancers (n=10) |
ESR1 APC HSD17β4 HIC1 RASSF1A |
70% 80% 30% 90% 80% |
||
| Healthy Controls (n=10) |
ESR1 APC HSD17β4 HIC1 RASSF1A |
0 0 0 10% 10% |
||
| Papadopoulou et al (68)B | Plasma Cases (n=50) |
RASSF1A ATM |
26% 14% |
36% |
| Healthy Controls (n=14) (n=9) |
RASSF1A ATM |
0 0 |
||
| Tan et al (69)C | Serum Cases Metastatic (n=19) |
RUNX3 p16 RASSF1A CDH1 |
47% 37% 42% 0 |
79% |
| Control (n=10) |
All genes | 0 |
A
Coverage, percentage of cases having methylation of at least one gene in the given gene panel (i.e. coverage of 100% means that all samples had methylation of at least one gene in the study’s panel).
B
Methylation analysis was conducted using quantitative real-time methylation specific PCR (QMSP).
C
Methylation analysis was conducted using methylation specific PCR (MSP).