Table 1.
Characteristics of the Study Population, Associations with Prevalence (s.e.) and Unadjusted Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (95% C.I.) for Impaired Oral Health Quality of Life (n = 4,208), National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2003–2004
| Percent | Prevalence (s.e.) | P-value | OR | (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 100.0 | 15.1 (0.9) | |||
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 48.5 | 12.4 (1.4) | 0.010 | 1.00 | |
| Female | 51.5 | 17.6 (1.0) | 1.51 | (1.11, 2.06) | |
| Age group (years) | |||||
| <30 | 23.3 | 14.0 (1.6) | 0.012 | 1.41 | (0.89, 2.24) |
| 30–44 | 31.6 | 14.9 (1.3) | 1.52 | (1.11, 2.08) | |
| 45–64 | 31.6 | 18.1 (1.5) | 1.91 | (1.30, 2.79) | |
| 65+ | 13.5 | 10.4 (1.3) | 1.00 | ||
| Race/ethnicity | |||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 75.9 | 14.9 (1.0) | 0.023 | 1.00 | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 11.9 | 19.3 (1.4) | 1.36 | (1.11, 1.67) | |
| Hispanic | 12.2 | 12.3 (1.4) | 0.80 | (0.56, 1.16) | |
| Nativity | |||||
| 50 US states, Washington DC | 87.3 | 15.7 (1.0) | 0.002 | 1.00 | |
| Mexico | 4.6 | 9.9 (1.4) | 0.59 | (0.42, 0.84) | |
| Other | 8.1 | 11.8 (1.6) | 0.72 | (0.54, 0.95) | |
| Race/ethnicity and nativity | |||||
| Non-Hispanic White, U.S.-born | 71.5 | 15.0 (1.0) | 0.003 | 1.00 | |
| Non-Hispanic White, immigrant | 4.3 | 13.9 (2.6) | 0.92 | (0.61, 1.38) | |
| Non Hispanic Black | 11.9 | 19.3 (1.4) | 1.36 | (1.12, 1.65) | |
| Hispanic, U.S.-born | 4.9 | 16.9 (2.1) | 1.16 | (0.78, 1.71) | |
| Hispanic, immigrant | 7.3 | 9.2 (1.2) | 0.58 | (0.41, 0.81) | |
| Interview language | 0.053 | ||||
| English | 95.5 | 15.3(0.9) | 1.00 | ||
| Spanish | 4.5 | 10.9 (1.8) | 0.68 | (0.45, 1.01 | |
| Educational attainment | |||||
| Less than high school | 16.1 | 21.4 (2.1) | 0.003 | 1.89 | (1.38, 2.58) |
| High school diploma | 27.3 | 16.7 (1.8) | 1.39 | (0.96, 2.01) | |
| More than high school | 56.6 | 12.6 (1.0) | 1.00 | ||
| Missing | 0.0 | ||||
| Poverty income ratio | |||||
| Low income | 28.9 | 21.1 (1.7) | 0.000 | 2.82 | (1.90, 4.19) |
| Moderate income | 36.9 | 15.8 (1.0) | 1.98 | (1.20, 3.25) | |
| High income | 33.2 | 8.6 (1.5) | 1.00 | ||
| Missing | 1.1 | ||||
| Smoking status at home | |||||
| Someone smokes | 19.96 | 25.2 (2.1) | 0.000 | 2.37 | (1.84, 3.05) |
| No-one smokes | 79.24 | 12.5 (0.8) | 1.00 | ||
| Missing | 0.79 | ||||
| Self rated general health | 0.000 | ||||
| Excellent to good | 80.8 | 12.1 (0.7) | 1.00 | ||
| Fair, poor | 14.9 | 29.5 (2.4) | 3.03 | (2.37, 3.88) | |
| Missing | 4.3 | ||||
| Access to needed dental care | 0.000 | ||||
| Able to access care | 78.5 | 9.3 (0.8) | 1.00 | ||
| Unable to access care | 21.5 | 36.3 (2.2) | 5.54 | (4.19, 7.34) | |
| Missing | 0.1 | ||||
| Remaining teeth | |||||
| <20 | 14.0 | 27.7 (2.6) | 0.000 | 3.20 | (2.31, 4.42) |
| 20–24 | 14.3 | 17.8 (2.1) | 1.81 | (1.24, 2.62) | |
| 25–27 | 21.3 | 15.5 (2.2) | 1.54 | (0.97, 2.44) | |
| 28+ | 50.5 | 10.7 (1.0) | 1.00 | ||