Table 3.
Individual Questions on the Lack of Autonomy Scale 2 (mean ± standard deviation)
| Diabetes Study | CHD Study | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| How much of the time would you say you have control over: |
Germany N=64 |
UK n=128 |
US N=192 |
US Only N=256 |
|
Lack of Clinical Autonomy |
||||
| Deciding when to admit patients to the hospital |
1.7 ± 0.54 | 1.8 ± 0.50 | 1.9 ± 0.81 | 1.7 ± 0.86 |
| Determining the length of a patient's stay in the hospital |
3.4 ± 0.69 | 3.9 ± 0.26 | 2.7 ± 0.93 | 2.8 ± 1.09 |
| Getting approval for services you feel are necessary |
2.3 ± 0.63 | 2.9 ± 0.63 | 2.4 ± 0.56 | 2.3 ± 0.63 |
| Making referrals to a specialist whenever necessary |
1.4 ± 0.58 | 1.8 ± 0.63 | 1.8 ± 0.65 | 1.7 ± 0.64 |
| Prescribing patients with medications of your choice |
1.6 ± 0.56 | 1.8 ± 0.56 | 2.5 ± 0.53 | 2.3 ± 0.62 |
| Selecting which physicians you refer patients to |
1.9 ± 0.69 | 2.4 ± 0.73 | 2.2 ± 0.65 | 1.9 ± 0.66 |
| What diagnostic tests you can order |
1.4 ± 0.50 | 1.9 ± 0.50 | 2.1 ± 0.52 | 1.9 ± 0.57 |
|
Lack of Administrative Autonomy |
||||
| Spending sufficient time with your patients |
2.1 ± 0.54 | 2.5 ± 0.58 | 2.4 ± 0.73 | 2.3 ± 0.67 |
| The administrative details of your office or clinic schedule |
2.1 ± 0.70 | 2.4 ± 0.76 | 2.5 ± 0.83 | 2.5 ± 0.83 |
| The hours you are required to be in your office |
2.1 ± 0.83 | 2.4 ± 0.71 | 2.3 ± 0.87 | 2.2 ± 0.90 |
| The volume of paperwork you are required to do |
2.8 ± 1.00 | 3.3 ± 0.73 | 3.3 ± 0.76 | 3.2 ± 0.80 |
| The volume/size of your patient load/list |
2.7 ± 0.91 | 2.7 ± 0.88 | 2.3 ± 0.82 | 2.4 ± 0.86 |
2
Possible responses: 1= Always, 2= Usually, 3= Sometimes, 4=Never