Table 2.
Correlations Among Screening, Pretest, and Posttest Measures
| 2. | 3. | 4. | 5. | 6. | 7. | 8. | 9. | 10. | 11. | 12. | 13. | 14. | 15. | 16. | 17. | 18. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Age (years) | .360** | .310* | −.065 | .126 | .514*** | .287* | .543*** | .475*** | .258** | .235** | .266* | .190 | .245** | .416** | .283* | .412** | .436*** |
| 2. T1 LN production | -- | .916*** | .486*** | .500*** | .248** | .608*** | .211 | .588*** | .707*** | .704*** | .511*** | .485*** | .573*** | .289* | .083 | .240** | .540*** |
| 3. T1 LN recognition | -- | .575*** | .626*** | .192 | .593*** | .231** | .554*** | .618*** | .636*** | .470*** | .492*** | .590*** | .193 | .103 | .212 | .479*** | |
| 4. T1 LS production | -- | .886*** | .032 | .240** | .140 | .107 | .346** | .455*** | .417** | .479*** | .338** | .084 | −.169 | −.072 | .072 | ||
| 5. T1 LS recognition | -- | .165 | .319* | .216 | .320* | .444*** | .532*** | .523** | .596*** | .487*** | .053 | −.030 | −.018 | .289* | |||
| 6. T1 Voc W score | -- | .323* | .495*** | .261* | .207 | .196 | .227** | .141 | .205 | .469** | .093 | .277* | .289* | ||||
| 7. T1 LWid W score | -- | .172 | .491*** | .501*** | .528*** | .433*** | .363** | .492*** | .255** | .159 | .097 | .420** | |||||
| 8. T1 PA raw score | -- | .165 | .063 | .033 | .220** | .111 | .222** | .593** | .159 | .210 | .032 | ||||||
| 9. T1 Number ID | -- | .583 | .587*** | .405** | .407** | .444*** | .165 | .167 | .311* | .848*** | |||||||
| 10. T2 LN production | -- | .939*** | .616*** | .611*** | .712*** | .100 | .251** | .065 | .544*** | ||||||||
| 11. T2 LN recognition | -- | .669*** | .703*** | .701*** | .137 | .171 | .088 | .580*** | |||||||||
| 12. T2 LS production | -- | .925*** | .438*** | .164 | .030 | .037 | .327* | ||||||||||
| 13. T2 LS recognition | -- | .462*** | .090 | -.009 | .034 | .371** | |||||||||||
| 14. T2 LWid W score | -- | .126 | .200 | −.034 | .414** | ||||||||||||
| 15. T2 PA raw score | -- | .077 | .272* | .145 | |||||||||||||
| 16. T2 Emergent reading | -- | .059 | .136 | ||||||||||||||
| 17. T2 DST | -- | .286* | |||||||||||||||
| 18. T2 Number ID | -- |
Note. T1 = screening or pretest; LN = letter name; LS = letter sound; Voc = Woodcock-Johnson Vocabulary subtest; LWid = Woodcock-Johnson Letter-Word Identification subtest; PA = Test of Preschool Emergent Literacy Phonological Awareness subtest; Number ID = number identification subtest; T2 = posttest; DST = Developmental Spelling Test.
*
p < .05.
**
p < .01.
***
p < .001.