Table 1. Epidemiology of Uric Acid and CKD.
| 1st Author | Year | Subjects | Major Findings | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hsu | 2009 | 177,570, USRDS | Higher uric acid quartile conferred 2.14-fold increased risk of ESRD over 25 years (+) | (18) |
| Obermayr | 2008 | 21,457 Vienna Health Screening Project | Uric acid >7mg/dL increased risk of CKD 1.74-fold in men, 3.12-fold in women (+) | (19) |
| Weiner | 2008 | 13,338, ARIC | Each 1mg/dL increase in uric acid increase risk of CKD 7-11% | (20) |
| Iseki | 2001 | 6403, Okinawa General Health | Uric acid >8mg/dl increase CKD risk 3-fold in men and 10-fold in women (+) | (21) |
| Borges | 2009 | 385 | Elevated uric acid associated with 2.63 fold increased risk of CKD in hypertensive women (+) | (22) |
| Chen, N | 2009 | 2596, Ruijin Hospital, China | Linear correlation between uric acid and degree of CKD (+) | (23) |
| Chen, Y | 2009 | 5722, Taipei University Hospital | Uric acid associated with prevalent CKD in elderly (+) | (24) |
| Park | 2009 | 134, Yonsei University | Uric acid >7 mg/dL correlates with more rapid decline in residual renal function in peritoneal dialysis patients (+) | (25) |
| Sturm | 2008 | 227, MMKD Study | Uric acid predicted progression of CKD only in unadjusted sample (-) | (26) |
| Chonchol | 2007 | 5808, Cardiovascular Health Study | Uric acid strongly associated with prevalent but weakly with incident CKD (-) | (27) |
| See | 2009 | 28,745, Chang Gung University | Uric acid >7.7 mg/dL in men and >6.6 mg/dL in women only weakly associated with prevalent renal impairment (-) | (28) |
| Madero | 2009 | 840, Instituto Nacional de Cariologia, Mexico | Patients with CKD 3-4 and uric acid correlates with death but not to ESRD (-) | (29) |
(+)
Supports the hypothesis that uric acid contributes to CKD progression
(-)
Does not support the hypothesis that uric acid contributes to CKD