Figure 5.

(a-d): Sequential steps during transjugular renal biopsy. (a): Opacification of the IVC and renal veins (carbon dioxide) with subsequent placement of the biopsy sheath and catheter (arrow) in the right renal vein over a guidewire (dashed arrow). (b): Venography demonstrates appropriate position of the sheath and catheter in a peripheral lower pole renal vein just prior to needle deployment (arrows). (c): Image obtained after the biopsy needle was deployed demonstrating the extent of needle excursion into the renal cortex (d): Same image with a schematic outline of the kidney showing that the needle tip did not breech the capsule.