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. 2010 Jun 15;5(6):e11119. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011119

Figure 2. Lacrimal function is impaired in rat VDT user model.

Figure 2

(A) Changes in tear secretion during 20 days of swing use. For rats repeating the daily experimental cycle, the Schirmer test was performed on days 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20. Data represent the mean ± SEM for 16 eyes. ** P<0.01, *** P<0.001 versus normal. (B) Circadian variation of the tear production in rats placed in the swing. Changes in the Schirmer score were evaluated on days 9 and 10. All data represent the mean ± SEM for 16 eyes. ** P<0.01 versus initial value. (C) Effect of stressed conditions on the Schirmer score. Changes of tear secretion were measured 10 days after treatment with or with-out swing or dry condition. Data present the mean ± SEM for 16 eyes. * P<0.05, *** P<0.001 versus the normal condition group. (D) Increase in tear secretion by systemic parasympathetic stimulation. Tear fluid secretion was stimulated by subcutaneous injection of pilocarpine hydrochloride on day 10. Increase in tear secretion was calculated by subtraction of the Schirmer value from before pilocarpine injection. Data represent the mean ± SEM for 10 to 23 eyes. * P<0.05, ** P<0.01 versus the normal. (E) Changes in protein secretion capacity in LG by parasympathetic stimulation. Changes in the protein release after stimulation by carbachol (Cch) using isolated LG on day 10. The protein secretion rate was calculated as a percentage of before Cch stimulation. Data represent the mean ± SEM for 16 LG. * P<0.05 versus the normal with Cch stimulation.