Table I.

Nuclear receptors and transcription factors reported to localize to mitochondria

Protein	Nuclear Function*	Proposed Mt Function(s)	References
Estrogen receptor alpha	NR	Transcription	[Chen et al., 2004; Demonacos et al., 1996]
Estrogen receptor beta	NR	Transcription	[Chen et al., 2004]
Thyroid hormone receptor	NR	Transcription	[Casas et al., 1999; Fernandez-Vizarra et al., 2008; Wrutniak et al., 1995]
Glucocorticoid receptor	NR	Transcription Apoptosis	[Demonacos et al., 1993; Psarra and Sekeris 2009] [Adzic et al., 2009; Talaber et al., 2009; Sionov et al., 2006]
Nur 77	NR	Apoptosis	[Wang et al., 2009a; Li et al., 2000]
Retinoid X Receptor	NR	Transcription	[Casas et al., 2003]
Retinoic Acid Receptor	NR	Unknown	[Berdanier et al., 2001]
Androgen Receptor	NR	Unknown	[Solakidi et al., 2005]
PPARγ2	Coactivator	Interacts with TR	[Casas et al., 2000]
SLIRP	NR repressor	Mitochondrial mRNA stability	[Baughman et al., 2009]
CREB	TF	Transcription	[Lee et al., 2005; Ryu et al., 2005; De Rasmo et al., 2009]
AP-1	TF	Transcription	[Ogita et al., 2003]
NF-κB	TF	Transcription Apoptosis	[Cogswell et al., 2003] [Zamora et al., 2004]
I-κB	Inhibitor of NF-κB	Unknown	[Cogswell et al., 2003]
p53	TF	Apoptosis mtDNA replication/repair	[Marchenko et al., 2000] [Yoshida et al., 2003; Bakhanashvili et al., 2009; Bakhanashvili et al., 2008]
STAT3	TF	Translation	[Wegrzyn et al., 2009]
HMGA1	TF	DNA binding	[Dement et al., 2005]
Wnt13	TF	Unknown	[Struewing et al., 2006]

^*NR and TF denotes Nuclear Receptor or Transcription Factor, respectively.