Table I.

Akt signaling deregulation in tumors. Association with resistance to treatment

Alteration	Tumor
Increase in Akt protein/activity, 23%–50%114	Lung
PTEN mutation/loss, 37%115
PI3K alteration, 4%116
Increase in Akt protein/activity, 38%117	Kidney
PTEN mutation/loss, 31%118
TSC1/TSC2 alteration119
Increase in Akt1 protein/activity, 24%–40%120	Breast
Increase in Akt2 protein/activity >90% ErbB-2hi121
PTEN mutation/loss, 15%–41%122
PI3K alteration, 24–42%123
TSC1/TSC2 alteration124	Neuroendocrine tumors
Increase in Akt1 protein/activity, 34%–50%125	Prostate
PTEN mutation/loss, 30%–63%126
Increase in Akt2 expression, 46%127	Colon
PTEN mutation/loss, 35%128
PI3K alteration, 20%–32%128,129
High Akt activity130	Pancreas
High Akt activity131	Gastric Cancer
Loss of PTEN132,133
High Akt activity134	Brain Tumors
PTEN mutation/loss135