Table 4.
A selection of ongoing clinical trials in malignant gliomas
| Target | Agents | Phase | n | ClinicalTrials.gov identifier | Histology | Newly Dx vs Progression |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EGFR | Nimotuzimab | III | ? | NCT00753246 | GBM | Newly Dx |
| DNA alkylation | Temozolomide RT | |||||
| EGFR | Cetuximab RT | I/II | 46 | NCT00311857 | GBM | Newly Dx |
| EGFR | Nimotuzumab RT | III | 41 | NCT00561691 | Diffuse pontine glioma | Newly Dx |
| EGFR | Nimotuzumab | II | 40 | NCT00600054 | Diffuse pontine glioma | progression |
| EGFR | MAb 425-l125 | II | ? | NCT00589706 | High grade glioma | ? |
| EGFRvIII | CDX-110 | II | 375 | NCT00458601 | GBM | Newly Dx |
| mTOR | Sirolimus | I/II | 44 | NCT0047073 | GBM | Progression |
| mTOR | Sirolimus | I/II | 99 | NCT00509431 | Malignant glioma | Progression |
| EGFR | Erlotinib | |||||
| mTOR | Sirolimus | II | 20 | NCT00672243 | GBM | Progression |
| EGFR | Erlotinib | |||||
| mTOR | Temsirolimus | I/II | 74 | NCT00112736 | Malignant glioma | Progression |
| EGFR | Erlotinib | |||||
| mTOR | Temsirolimus | I/II | 183 | NCT00335764 | GBM | Progression |
| EGFR | Sorafenib | |||||
| Farnesyl transferase | Erlotinib Tipifarnib |
|||||
| mTOR | Temsirolimus | I | 56 | NCT00316849 | GBM | Newly Dx |
| DNA alkylation | Temozolomide RT | |||||
| mTOR | Temsirolimus | II | ? | NCT00800917 | GBM | Progressive |
| VEGF | Bevacizumab | |||||
| mTOR | Temsirolimus | I/II | 141 | NCT00329719 | GBM | Progressive |
| Raf | Sorafenib | |||||
| VEGFR | ||||||
| PDGFR | ||||||
| Flt-3 | ||||||
| c-kit | ||||||
| RET-RTK | ||||||
| mTOR | Temsirolimus | I/II | 74 | NCT00112736 | Malignant glioma | Progressive |
| EGFR | Erlotinib | |||||
| mTOR | Temsirolimus | I | 15 | NCT00784914 | Primary and metastatic | Newly Dx or Progressive |
| DNA alkylation | Temozolomide | brain tumors | ||||
| mTOR | Everolimus | I/II | ? | NCT00515086 | GBM | Progressive |
| mTOR | Everolimus | II | 60 | NCT00805961 | GBM | Newly Dx |
| VEGF | Bevacizumab | |||||
| DNA alkylation | Temozolomide RT | |||||
| mTOR | Everolimus | I/II | 58 | NCT00085566 | GBM or Prostate | Progressive |
| EGFR | Gefitinib | cancer | ||||
| mTOR | Everolimus | I | 30 | NCT00387400 | GBM | Newly Dx or Progressive |
| DNA alkylation | Temozolomide | |||||
| mTOR | Everolimus | I/II | 113 | NCT00107237 | GBM | Progressive |
| EGFR | AE788 | |||||
| VEGFR | ||||||
| mTOR | Everolimus | I | 72 | NCT00613132 | GBM | Progressive |
| PDGFR | Imatinib | |||||
| c-kit | Hydroxyurea | |||||
| Block DNA synthesis | ||||||
| HDAC | SAHA | I/II | 189 | NCT00555399 | GBM | Progressive |
| RAR | cRA | |||||
| RXR | Carboplatin | |||||
| DNA alkylation | ||||||
| HDAC | SAHA | I | 77 | NCT00268385 | Malignant glioma | Newly Dx or Progressive |
| DNA alkylation | Temozolomide | |||||
| HDAC | SAHA | II | 68 | NCT00641706 | GBM | Progressive |
| Proteasome | Bortezomib | |||||
| HDAC | SAHA | I | 21 | NCT00762255 | GBM | Progressive |
| VEGF | Bevacizumab | |||||
| Topoisomerase I | Irinotecan | |||||
| HDAC | SAHA | I/II | 132 | NCT00731731 | GBM | Newly Dx |
| DNA alkylation | Temozolomide | |||||
| HDAC | SAHA | II | 94 | NCT00238303 | GBM | Progressive |
| HDAC | Valproic acid | II | 41 | NCT00313664 | GBM | Newly Dx |
| DNA alkylation | Temozolomide RT | |||||
| bFGF | Lenalidomide | I/II | 51 | NCT00671801 | GBM | Progressive |
| Topoisomerase I | Iriontecan | |||||
| bFGF | Lenalidomide RT | II | 60 | NCT00165477 | GBM | Newly Dx |
| bFGF | Lenalidomide | I | 45 | NCT00100880 | Primary CNS tumors | Progressive |
| VEGF | Bevacizumab | II | 48 | NCT00590681 | GBM | Newly Dx |
| DNA alkylation | Temozolomide RT | |||||
| VEGF | Bevacizumab | II | 35 | NCT00337207 | GBM | Progressive |
| VEGF | Bevacizumab RT | II | 25 | NCT00595322 | GBM | Progressive |
| VEGF | Bevacizumab | II | 167 | NCT00345163 | GBM | Progressive |
| Topoisomerase I | Irinotecan | |||||
| VEGF | Bevacizumab | II | 80 | NCT00559923 | Malignant glioma | Progressive |
| Protein kinase C | Enzastaurin | |||||
| VEGF | Bevacizumab | II | 120 | NCT00586508 | Malignant glioma | Progressive |
| Protein kinase C | Enzastaurin | |||||
| VEGF | Bevacizumab | II | 56 | NCT00671970 | Malignant glioma | Progressive |
| EGFR | Erlotinib | |||||
| άvβ3 | Cilengitide | I | 45 | NCT00077155 | Lymphoma Solid tumors | Progressive |
| άvβ5 | ||||||
| άvβ3 | Cilengitide | II | 81 | NCT00093964 | GBM | Progressive |
| άvβ5 | ||||||
| VEGF | Aflibercept | II | 45 | NCT00369590 | Malignant glioma | Progressive |
| PGF | ||||||
| VEGF | Aflibercept | I | 90 | NCT00650923 | Malignant glioma | Newly Dx or Progressive |
| PGF | Temozolomide | |||||
| DNA alkylation | RT | |||||
| p53 | Gene therapy | I | 21–42 | NCT00004080 | GBM,AA,AOA | Progressive |
| MGMT | Gene therapy | I | 18 | NCT00003567 | Gliomas, solid tumors, NHL | Progressive |
| DNA alkylation | Temozolomide | |||||
| BCNU | ||||||
| O6BG | ||||||
| MGMT microtubules | Gene therapy | I | 15–20 | NCT00729105 | CNS tumors | Newly Dx or Progressive |
| CCNU | ||||||
| Procarbazine | ||||||
| Vincristine | ||||||
| O6BG |
Notes: Compiles various active (but not-yet published) clinical trials in malignant gliomas. All information is available on clinictrials.gov. The purpose of the table is to serve as a reference for the reader interested in the targeted therapies discussed in the paper. It provides the reader with information about what data may be published in the near future.
Abbreviations: RT, radiation therapy; GBM, glioblastoma multiforme; AA, anaplastic astrocytoma; AOA, anaplastic oligoastrocytoma; Dx, diagnosis; RTK, receptor tyrosine kinase; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; HDAC, histone deacetlyase; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; PGF, placental growth factor; RAR, retinoic acid receptor; RXR, retinoid X receptor; MGMT, methylguanine methyl transferase; O6BG, O-6-benzylguanine.