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. 2010 Jun 14;189(6):925–935. doi: 10.1083/jcb.201002021

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© 2010 Saitoh and Akira

This article is distributed under the terms of an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike–No Mirror Sites license for the first six months after the publication date (see http://www.rupress.org/terms). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported license, as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/).

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Figure 1. — Atgs are essential components for autophagosome formation. Autophagy, a bulk degradation system, is induced after sensing various types of stress, such as nutrient starvation, the accumulation of protein aggregates, and invasion by microbes. This system enables the reuse of cellular components and the clearance of unfavorable substances, thus contributing to the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and the prevention of disease. Atgs are recruited to the isolation membrane, a source membrane of autophagosomes, and play a vital role in driving the membrane trafficking necessary for the generation of autophagosomes. Autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to become autolysosomes, leading to the degradation of the constituents trapped inside. PE, phosphatidylethanolamine.