Table 2.
Reference | Methoda | Antigen | Cross-reactivityb (%) | Detection limit | Comparison with chromatographic methodsc |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Heinrich-Ramm et al. [7] | RIA | 2.4- to 2.9-fold higher than GC–MS | |||
Kuo et al. [6] | ELISA | 0.39–0.46 ng/mL | 0.6- to 0.9-fold higher than GC-nitrogen-phosphorus | ||
Ohta et al. [9] | ELISA | Cotinine-3-thyroglobulin | Nicotine (16) | 0.03 ng/mL | 1.4-fold higher than GC–MS |
Wielkoszynski et al. [8] | ELISA | 4-Carboxy-γ-cotinine | 3HC (18.6), Nicotine N-oxide (5.1) | 3–3.5 ng/mL | 6-fold higher than TLC |
Matsumoto et al. (present study) | ELISA | Cotinine-4 -γ-globulin | N (0.2), N-g (0.0), C-g (0.3), 3HC (101.3), 3HC-g (221.8) | 1.3 ng/mL | 3.2- to 5.9-fold higher than GC–MS |
aRIA Radioimmunoassay; ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
bRatio to cotinine reactivity (100%). N Nicotine, N-g nicotine-glucuronide, C-g cotinine, 3HC 3′-hydroxycotinine, 3HC-g 3′-hydroxycotinineglucuronide
cComparison with cotinine values from urine specimens. GC–MS Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, TLC thin-layer chromatography