Fig. 3.
Schematic view of DNA Mismatch-repair pathway.43 The heterodimer of hMSH2 and hMSH6 (also known as hMutSα) recognizes single nucleotide mispairs and binds to DNA as a sliding clamp. The heterodimer of hMLH1 and hPMS2 (also known as hMutLα) then binds to hMutSα to guide an exonuclease to remove several bases from the newly synthesized DNA strand, with subsequent re-synthesis of DNA with the correct base pairing. When the MutS complexes bind DNA, they exchange ADP for ATP. For the MMR proteins to be released from DNA, ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP (Reprinted from Gastroenterology 2008;136:1083, with permission).