Table 3.

Regression results for alcohol use as a function of demographics, athletic identity, and descriptive norms for typical students and athletes

Predictor	B	Std. error	β	t	d
Step 1: R2=.029***
Gendera	1.302	0.397	0.098	3.282**	0.198
Campusb	–1.547	0.442	–0.109	–3.503***	–0.212
Ethnicityc	0.960	0.527	0.057	1.820†	0.110
Step 2: R2=.030, R2 Δ=.001
Athletic identity	0.245	0.248	0.030	0.987	0.060
Step 3: R2=.173***, R2 Δ=.143
Norm: college student	0.194	0.018	0.342	10.829***	0.655
Norm: college athlete	0.073	0.024	0.093	2.992**	0.181
Step 4: R2=.186*, R2 Δ=.013
Gender×athletic identity	–0.043	0.036	–0.055	–1.216	–0.074
Gender×norm: college student	–0.012	0.050	–0.011	–0.234	–0.014
Gender×norm: college athlete	0.131	0.483	0.010	0.271	0.016
Athletic identity×norm college student	–0.035	0.022	–0.050	–1.599	–0.097
Athletic identity×norm college athlete	0.111	0.030	0.117	3.737***	0.227
Step 5: R2=.190†, R2 Δ=.004
Gender×norm: college student×ID	0.032	0.044	0.034	0.744	0.045
Gender×norm: college athlete×ID	0.105	0.062	0.088	1.702†	0.103

Note. B=Unstandardized coefficient.

β=Standardized coefficient (beta). d=effect size estimate.

^***p<.001.

^**p<.01.

^*p<.05.

^†p<.1.

^aGender was coded Female=0, Male=1.

^bCampus was coded Rural=0, Urban=1.

^cEthnicity was coded Non-Caucasian=0, Caucasian=1.