Table 5.
Mechanical circulatory support used in the three clinical heart failure scenarios
| Clinical scenarios | Commonly used devices |
|---|---|
| Precardiotomy HF | IABP |
| Micro-axial flow pumpa | |
| Percutaneous (transfemoral) ECMO | |
| LA femoral artery centrifugal pumpb | |
| Failure to wean from CPB | IABP |
| Micro-axial flow pumpa | |
| ECMO | |
| Centrifugal pumps as LVAD, RVAD, BVAD | |
| Percutaneous pulsatile devices as LVAD, RVAD, BVADc | |
| Long-term implantable devices | |
| Postcardiotomy HF | IABP |
| Micro-axial flow pump | |
| ECMO | |
| Centrifugal pumpsd as LVAD, RVAD, BVAD | |
| Percutaneous pulsatile devicesc as LVAD, RVAD, BVAD | |
| Long-term implantable devices first, second and third generation |
aImpella; bTandemHeart; cAbiomed BVS 5000, AB 5000; Thoratec PVAD, Berlin Heart EXCOR; dCentrimag Levitronix, Biomedicus Medtronic etc. ll devices except those specified as long term are for short-term support. BVAD, bi-ventricular assist device; CPB, cardiopulmonary bypass; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; HF, heart failure; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pump; LA, left atrial; LVAD, left ventricular assist device; PVAD, paracorporeal ventricular assist device; RVAD, right ventricular assist device.