Figure 6. Activation of Smad-dependent and Smad-independent signaling pathways by BMPs in hES cells.

H9 cells were treated with BMP-2, BMP-6 or BMP-2/6 at 100 ng/ml in mTeSR1 for 5, 10, 30, 60 and 120 min, or with mTeSR1 for 120 min (Control). Cell lysates were immunoblotted using different antibodies for phosphorylated (p-, active) and total forms of transcription factors or MAP kinases. β-actin was used as loading control.