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. 2009 May;58(Pt 5):535–545. doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.005801-0

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3.

Production of cytokines upon infection with commensal bacteria and probiotics in HT-29 cells. (a) IL-8. In the invasion assay, F. varium 113 stimulated the greatest IL-8 production, followed by F. varium ATCC 8501T, E. coli JCM 1649T, B. vulgatus JCM 5826T, C. clostridioforme 94 and B. vulgatus 90. Since the IL-8 levels at the 95 % confidence interval for these bacteria were above those of the controls (<16 pg ml−1), these bacteria significantly stimulated IL-8 production by HT-29 cells. The IL-8 levels with F. varium 113 and ATCC 8501T and E. coli JCM 1649T were significantly higher than those with B. vulgatus 90 and C. clostridioforme 94 (P <0.0001). (b) TNF-α. In the invasion assay, commensal bacterial strains, i.e. F. varium 113, ATCC 8501T and E. coli JCM 1649T, induced TNF-α production by HT-29 cells. F. varium 113 stimulated the greatest TNF-α production, followed by F. varium ATCC 8501T and E. coli JCM 1649T. Since the TNF-α levels at the 95 % confidence interval for the bacteria were above those of the controls, these bacteria significantly stimulated TNF-α production by HT-29 cells.