Figure 2.

Schematic representing potential contributors to vitamin and mineral deficiencies in chronically transfused TM and SCD patients, including hemolysis, iron toxicity, ineffective erythropoiesis, inflammation, chronic anemia, diet, and malabsorption. Left–right position of the bar signifies the relative importance in a particular disease state. Little is known regarding the actors below the bold dotted line, thus, they are indicated by question marks and are centered with respect to the disease states.