Table 1.

Individual and school level characteristics

Individual level (n = 542)	n (%)
Male	278.(51%)
African American	423 (78%)
White	111 (21%)
Used alcohol in last 12 months	127 (23%)
Smoked cigarettes in last 12 months	30 (6%)
Used marijuana in last 12 months	18.(3%)
Age, M (SD)	13.2 (0.9)
School level (n= 49)	M (SD)	Range
Percentage of racial minorities	65% (36)	9–100%
Percentage of students eligible for free or reduced lunch	58% (29)	6–95%
Percentage of students who drank beer in last 12 months	22% (6)	1–36%
Percentage of students who drank wine in last 12 months	26% (9)	1–39%
Percentage of students who drank liquor in last 12 months	16% (6)	2–36%
Mean of beer, wine, and liquor percentages	21% (6)	1–33%
Percentage of students who smoked cigarettes in last 12 months	16% (6)	2–35%
Percentage of students who used marijuana in last 12 months	12% (7)	0–38%
No. of students providing data	369 (262)	25–1,083
No. of BYVS (individual level) students at each school	11(12)	1–46
Percentage of BYVS (individual level) students at each school	4% (5)	.001–14%

Note: BYVS = Birmingham Youth Violence Study.