Table 4.

Effects of current drinking on health conditions, before and after propensity-score matching

	LT abstainer vs. moderate volume	Exdrinkers vs. moderate volume	Occasional vs. moderate volume	Higher volume vs. moderate volume	Heavy occasion vs. moderate volume
n of matched pairs	388	677	547	467	187
Heart problem
Before matching
Exposure group,aM (SE)	0.157 (0.014)	0.224 (0.013)	0.123 (0.014)	0.150 (0.016)	0.103 (0.020)
Control group,bM (SE)	0.107 (0.009)	0.107 (0.009)	0.107 (0.009)	0.107 (0.009)	0.107 (0.009)
Difference, M	0.050 (0.017)**	0.117 (0.016)***	0.004 (0.022)	0.043 (0.019)*	−0.004 (0.022)
Odds ratio [95% CI]	1.55 [1.17,2.05]**	2.41 [1.90,3.05])***	1.17 [0.86, 1.60]	1.47 [1.08,2.00]*	0.96 [0.60, 1.52]
After matching
Exposure group,aM (SE)	0.137 (0.017)	0.188 (0.015)	0.122 (0.014)	0.148 (0.016)	0.096 (0.022)
Control group,bM (SE)	0.126 (0.017)	0.129 (0.013)	0.119 (0.014)	0.113 (0.015)	0.134 (0.025)
Difference, M	0.010 (0.025)	0.059 (0.020)**	0.004 (0.020)	0.034 (0.021)	−0.037 (0.032)
Odds ratio [95% CI]	1.09 [0.72, 1.64]	1.56 [1.16, 2.11]**	1.03 [0.72, 1.47]	1.38 [0.93, 2.05]	0.68 [0.35, 1.31]
Diabetes
Before matching
Exposure group,aM (SE)	0.216 (0.016)	0.193 (0.013)	0.107 (0.013)	0.054 (0.010)	0.107 (0.013)
Control group,bM (SE)	0.092 (0.008)	0.092 (0.008)	0.092 (0.008)	0.092 (0.008)	0.092 (0.008)
Difference, M	0.124 (0.018)***	0.101 (0.015)***	0.015 (0.016)	−0.038 (0.013)*	−0.023 (0.019)
Odds ratio [95% CI]	2.72 [2.07, 3.57]***	2.35 [1.83, 3.03]***	1.18 [0.84, 1.65]	0.56 [0.36, 0.88]*	0.73 [0.42, 1.25]
After matching
Exposure group,aM (SE)	0.186 (0.020)	0.164 (0.014)	0.108 (0.013)	0.056 (0.011)	0.075 (0.019)
Control group,bM (SE)	0.106 (0.016)	0.123 (0.013)	0.123 (0.013)	0.092 (0.013)	0.118 (0.024)
Difference, M	0.080 (0.025)**	0.041 (0.019)*	0.007 (0.019)	−0.036 (0.016)*	−0.043 (0.031)
Odds ratio [95% CI]	1.97 [1.29, 3.01]**	1.39 [1.03, 1.89)*	1.08 [0.74, 1.59]	0.55 [0.32, 0.94]*	0.62 [0.31, 1.24]
Hypertension
Before matching
Exposure group,aM (SE)	0.456 (0.020)	0.481 (0.016)	0.411 (0.021)	0.356 (0.022)	0.339 (0.031)
Control group,bM (SE)	0.327 (0.014)	0.327 (0.014)	0.327 (0.014)	0.327 (0.014)	0.327 (0.014)
Difference, M	0.129 (0.024)***	0.153 (0.021)***	0.084 (0.025)**	0.029 (0.026)	0.012 (0.034)
Odds ratio [95% CI]	1.72 [1.41, 2.10]***	1.90 [1.60, 2.26]***	1.43 [1.16, 1.77]**	1.14 [0.91, 1.42]	1.05 [0.78, 1.42]
After matching
Exposure group,aM (SE)	0.381 (0.025)	0.428 (0.019)	0.411 (0.021)	0.349 (0.022)	0.374 (0.035)
Control group,bM (SE)	0.399 (0.025)	0.366 (0.019)	0.378 (0.021)	0.328 (0.022)	0.273 (0.033)
Difference, M	−0.018 (0.034)	0.062 (0.026)*	0.033 (0.030)	0.021 (0.031)	0.102 (0.046)*

Notes: LT = lifetime.

^aExposure groups for the five comparisons are lifetime abstainers, exdrinkers, occasional, higher volume and heavy occasion, respectively;

^bcontrol group is moderate volume for all five comparisons.

^*p <.05;

^**p< .01;

^***p < .001.