Table 1.

Cytokine and chemokines that play a role in gouty inflammation

Cytokine	Actions contributing to gouty inflammation	Produced by	References
IL-1β	Endothelial adhesion	Monocyte, dendritic cells inflammatory macrophage	[11,12,20,25]
	Endogenous pyrogen
TNFα	Cellular activation	Monocyte, macrophage, lining cell	[11,12]
	Endothelial adhesion
	Phagocytosis
IL-6	?	Monocyte, macrophage	[11,17]
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor	Neutrophil survival and proliferation	Endothelium, macrophage	[11,17]
CXCL1 (KC, Groa)	Neutrophil chemotaxis	Macrophage, neutrophil	[11]
CXCL8 (IL-8)	Neutrophil chemotaxis	Macrophage, endothelium	[36,37]
CCL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1)	Monocyte and dendritic cell chemotaxis		[11]
	Mast cell degranulation
CCL3 (macrophage inflammatory protein-1)	Neutrophil chemotaxis	Monocyte, macrophage	[11]