Projections of unitary maximum rotational (Vrmax–HP, A) and translational (Vtmax–HP, B) response vectors during 1.2 Hz 20°/s rotation or 14 cm/s translation onto the horizontal plane. Only neurons that responded significantly to 1.2 Hz HA rotations are shown. The polar graph for Vrmax–HP was remapped so that the direction of gravitation-inertial force (GIF) during rotation and translation was aligned, i.e., pitch-nose up rotation to forward translation and right ear down (RED) rotation to leftward translation. Rotation vectors corresponding to left anterior/posterior canal (LAC/LPC) and right anterior/posterior canal (RAC/RPC) are also shown in A. C: comparison of the orientation of Vtmax–HP and Vrmax–HP in HA rotation sensitive VOTS neurons (symbols). The line of unity denotes congruent spatial responses of VOTS neurons to HA rotations and GIF. Distance between tick marks is 90°. The polar angle for each orientation was chosen to minimize angular differences between paired Vtmax–HP and Vrmax–HP. D: distribution of the angular alignment differences between Vrmax–HP and Vtmax–HP in selected HA rotation VOTS neurons whose Vtmax at 1.2 Hz was not predominantly along the DV axis, i.e., the magnitude of vector length on the horizontal plane >0.6 (dashed line in B).