Fig. 1.

Single neurons in zebra finch mesencephalicus lateralis dorsalis (MLd) showed a range of responses to song. A: diagram of the zebra finch ascending auditory system and electrode placement. B: the waveform (top) and spectrogram (middle) of a single zebra finch song. Below the spectrogram, raster plots show spike trains collected from 8 neurons in response to multiple presentations of the song. Each line shows a single spike train and each tick represents the timing of a single action potential (AP). Each group of 10 spike trains shows the responses of a single neuron to 10 presentations of the song. For the song spectrogram, red represents high intensity and blue represents low intensity.