TABLE 2.
Neonatal outcomes by gestational age and type of labor
| GA, wk | Type of onset | Use of ventilation | Asphyxia | Sepsis | NICU admission | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency, n (%) | Frequency, n (%) | Frequency, n (%) | Frequency, n (%) | Length of stay | ||||||||||||
| No | Yes | P value | No | Yes | P value | No | Yes | P value | No | Yes | P value | Mean | SD | P value | ||
| 34 | Spontaneous | 788 (90.4) | 84 (9.6) | .01 | 863 (99.3) | 6 (0.7) | .94 | 759 (92.1) | 65 (7.9) | .10 | 344 (39.4) | 528 (60.6) | < .0001 | 6.5 | 8.5 | < .0001 |
| Elective | 43 (93.5) | 3 (6.5) | 43 (100) | 0 (0.0) | 42 (100) | 0 (0.0) | 37 (80.4) | 9 (19.6) | 2.5 | 5.5 | ||||||
| Indicated | 175 (88.8) | 22 (11.2) | 194 (99.5) | 1 (0.5) | 169 (91.4) | 16 (8.6) | 73 (37.1) | 124 (62.9) | 7.7 | 9.5 | ||||||
| c/s w/o labor | 97 (80.8) | 23 (19.2) | 119 (99.2) | 1 (0.8) | 103 (88.0) | 14 (12.0) | 28 (23.3) | 92 (76.7) | 13.8 | 18.6 | ||||||
| 35 | Spontaneous | 1446 (94.4) | 86 (5.6) | .0004 | 1518 (99.3) | 11 (0.7) | .86 | 1426 (96.4) | 53 (3.6) | .3 | 1035 (67.6) | 497 (32.4) | < .0001 | 2.6 | 6.4 | < .0001 |
| Elective | 83 (97.6) | 2 (2.4) | 78 (100) | 0 (0.0) | 78 (100) | 0 (0.0) | 71 (83.5) | 14 (16.5) | 1.4 | 3.7 | ||||||
| Indicated | 311 (93.7) | 21 (6.3) | 329 (99.1) | 3 (0.9) | 299 (95.8) | 13 (4.2) | 213 (64.2) | 119 (35.8) | 2.7 | 5.2 | ||||||
| c/s w/o labor | 139 (86.3) | 22 (13.7) | 160 (99.4) | 1 (0.6) | 144 (95.4) | 7 (4.6) | 81 (50.3) | 80 (49.7) | 5.4 | 8.1 | ||||||
| 36 | Spontaneous | 3115 (96.8) | 102 (3.2) | .0007 | 3211 (99.8) | 5 (0.2) | .29 | 3130 (98.1) | 59 (1.9) | .46 | 2726 (84.7) | 491 (15.3) | < .0001 | 1.1 | 4.4 | < .0001 |
| Elective | 172 (98.3) | 3 (1.7) | 172 (100) | 0 (0.0) | 169 (98.3) | 3 (1.7) | 159 (90.9) | 16 (9.1) | 0.7 | 3.0 | ||||||
| Indicated | 813 (96.7) | 28 (3.3) | 835 (99.5) | 4 (0.5) | 806 (98.4) | 13 (1.6) | 678 (80.6) | 163 (19.4) | 1.2 | 3.5 | ||||||
| c/s w/o labor | 238 (92.2) | 20 (7.8) | 257 (99.6) | 1 (0.4) | 247 (96.9) | 8 (3.1) | 168 (65.1) | 90 (34.9) | 2.9 | 6.9 | ||||||
| 37 | Spontaneous | 7490 (99.2) | 62 (0.8) | < .0001 | 7537 (99.8) | 14 (0.2) | < .0001 | 7445 (99.0) | 73 (1.0) | < .0001 | 7050 (93.4) | 502 (6.6) | < .0001 | 0.3 | 2.2 | < .0001 |
| Elective | 581 (99.5) | 3 (0.5) | 578 (100) | 0 (0.0) | 572 (99.3) | 4 (0.7) | 548 (93.8) | 36 (6.2) | 0.2 | 2.6 | ||||||
| Indicated | 1817 (98.9) | 20 (1.1) | 1833 (99.9) | 2 (0.1) | 1814 (99.3) | 12 (0.7) | 1672 (91.0) | 165 (9.0) | 0.5 | 2.7 | ||||||
| c/s w/o labor | 459 (95.6) | 21 (4.4) | 471 (98.3) | 8 (1.7) | 453 (96.8) | 15 (3.2) | 381 (79.4) | 99 (20.6) | 2.0 | 7.8 | ||||||
| 38 | Spontaneous | 16,661 (99.7) | 42 (0.3) | .07 | 16,683 (99.9) | 19 (0.1) | .29 | 16,532 (99.4) | 107 (0.6) | .004 | 15,885 (95.1) | 818 (4.9) | < .0001 | 0.2 | 1.4 | < .0001 |
| Elective | 2502 (99.8) | 6 (0.2) | 2502 (100) | 1 (0.0) | 2497 (99.9) | 3 (0.1) | 2433 (97.0) | 75 (3.0) | 0.1 | 1.3 | ||||||
| Indicated | 3212 (99.8) | 8 (0.2) | 3219 (100) | 1 (0.0) | 3188 (99.4) | 18 (0.6) | 3022 (93.9) | 198 (6.1) | 0.2 | 1.5 | ||||||
| c/s w/o labor | 1005 (99.3) | 7 (0.7) | 1010 (99.8) | 2 (0.2) | 1003 (99.8) | 2 (0.2) | 915 (90.4) | 97 (9.6) | 0.5 | 2.4 | ||||||
| 39 | Spontaneous | 23,650 (99.8) | 56 (0.2) | < .0001 | 23,679 (99.9) | 23 (0.1) | .38 | 23,418 (99.4) | 144 (0.6) | .0002 | 22,582 (95.3) | 1124 (4.7) | < .0001 | 0.2 | 1.7 | < .0001 |
| Elective | 9740 (99.9) | 14 (0.1) | 9737 (99.9) | 13 (0.1) | 9723 (99.7) | 27 (0.3) | 9465 (97.0) | 289 (3.0) | 0.1 | 0.7 | ||||||
| Indicated | 3223 (99.6) | 14 (0.4) | 3231 (99.9) | 4 (0.1) | 3202 (99.8) | 8 (0.2) | 3040 (93.9) | 197 (6.1) | 0.2 | 2.0 | ||||||
| c/s w/o labor | 1153 (98.9) | 13 (1.1) | 1163 (99.7) | 3 (0.3) | 1150 (99.4) | 7 (0.6) | 1074 (92.1) | 92 (7.9) | 0.5 | 3.6 | ||||||
| 40 | Spontaneous | 18,716 (99.8) | 45 (0.2) | .0013 | 18,739 (99.9) | 18 (0.1) | < .0001 | 18,514 (99.3) | 127 (0.7) | .0007 | 17,780 (94.8) | 981 (5.2) | < .0001 | 0.2 | 1.9 | < .0001 |
| Elective | 3193 (99.7) | 11 (0.3) | 3198 (99.9) | 3 (0.1) | 3194 (99.8) | 7 (0.2) | 3101 (96.8) | 103 (3.2) | 0.1 | 0.9 | ||||||
| Indicated | 4279 (99.6) | 18 (0.4) | 4288 (99.8) | 8 (0.2) | 4246 (99.5) | 21 (0.5) | 4067 (94.6) | 230 (5.4) | 0.2 | 2.4 | ||||||
| c/s w/o labor | 555 (98.9) | 6 (1.1) | 556 (99.1) | 5 (0.9) | 548 (98.6) | 8 (1.4) | 505 (90.0) | 56 (10.0) | 0.6 | 3.4 | ||||||
| 41 | Spontaneous | 4675 (99.6) | 17 (0.4) | .69 | 4688 (99.9) | 4 (0.1) | .89 | 4615 (99.3) | 34 (0.7) | .007 | 4441 (94.7) | 251 (5.3) | .0002 | 0.3 | 2.2 | .02 |
| Elective | 185 (100) | 0 (0.0) | 185 (100) | 0 (0.0) | 185 (100) | 0 (0.0) | 179 (96.8) | 6 (3.2) | 0.1 | 0.5 | ||||||
| Indicated | 3344 (99.7) | 9 (0.3) | 3349 (99.9) | 4 (0.1) | 3313 (99.3) | 23 (0.7) | 3157 (94.2) | 196 (5.8) | 0.3 | 2.3 | ||||||
| c/s w/o labor | 179 (99.4) | 1 (0.6) | 180 (100) | 0 (0.0) | 171 (97.2) | 5 (2.8) | 157 (87.2) | 23 (12.8) | 0.8 | 3.1 | ||||||
| 42 | Spontaneous | 404 (99.0) | 4 (1.0) | .79 | 408 (100) | 401 (99.3) | 3 (0.7) | .54 | 388 (95.1) | 20 (4.9) | .09 | 0.2 | 1.1 | .23 | ||
| Elective | 3 (100) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (100) | 3 (100) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (100) | 0 (0.0) | 0 | 0 | |||||||
| Indicated | 267 (99.6) | 1 (0.4) | 268 (100) | 258 (98.1) | 5 (1.9) | 244 (91.0) | 24 (9.0) | 0.4 | 1.9 | |||||||
| c/s w/o labor | 21 (100) | 0 (0.0) | 21 (100) | 21 (100) | 0 (0.0) | 18 (85.7) | 3 (14.3) | 0.3 | 1.1 | |||||||
c/s, cesarean section; NICU, neonatal intensive care unit; w/o, without.