Table 1.
GGDEF/EAL proteins regulated by CsrA.
| Protein (synonym) | Regulation by CsrA | Motif | Enzymatic activity | Reported phenotype | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| STM1987 | negative, direct1 | GGEEF | DGC | Upregulation of cellulose production | (Garcia et al., 2004; Solano et al., 2009) |
| STM4551 | negative, indirect1? | GGDEF | DGC | Functions in motility, rdar morphotype expression, virulence | (Solano et al., 2009) |
| STM3375 (YhdA, CsrD) | negative, direct | HRSDF, ELM | no DGC, no PDE (in E. coli) | Regulation of sRNAs (in E. coli), upregulation of motility | (Suzuki et al., 2006; Simm et al., 2007) |
| STM1703 (YciR) | negative, indirect? | GGDEF, EAL | putative PDE, DGC activity not known | Downregulation of the rdar morphotype | (Garcia et al., 2004; Simm et al., 2007) |
| STM3611 (YhjH) | positive, direct and indirect | ELL | PDE | Upregulation of motility, downregulation of the rdar morphotype | (Simm et al., 2004; Simm et al., 2007) |
| STM1827 | negative, indirect? | EAL | putative PDE | Downregulation of the rdar morphotype | (Simm et al., 2007) |
| STM1344 (YdiV) | negative, direct | EII | no PDE | Downregulation of motility, upregulation of the rdar morphotype, role in virulence | (Hisert et al., 2005; Simm et al., 2007; Wozniak et al., 2008; Simm et al., 2009) |
| STM1697 | negative, direct | EIT | probably no PDE | Role in virulence (?) | (Lamprokostopoulou and Römling, unpublished) |
1
direct vs indirect regulation inferred from RNA-binding by CsrA to the respective transcripts as observed by gel-mobility shift assays.