TABLE 3.
Odds Ratios Given New HPV Detection Stratified by HIV Status Among Injection Drug Using Women
| HIV-Uninfected (N = 273 visits) |
HIV-Infected (N = 502 visits) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Covariate | n | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted* OR (95% CI) | n | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted† OR (95% CI) |
| Age category (yrs) | ||||||
| <35 (reference) | 41 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 154 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 35−39 | 90 | 0.9 (0.2−4.4) | 0.8 (0.1−4.4) | 137 | 1.0 (0.6−1.7) | 1.1 (0.6−1.7) |
| 40−445 | 69 | 0.4 (0.1−2.6) | 0.4 (0.1−1.8) | 136 | 0.6 (0.4−1.1) | 0.6 (0.3−1.0) |
| >45 | 73 | 1.2 (0.2−6.4) | 0.9 (0.2−4.9) | 75 | 0.5 (0.3−1.1) | 0.5 (0.3−1.1) |
| CD4 category (cells/mm3) | ||||||
| >500 (reference) | 263 | N/A | N/A | 149 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 200−500 | 9 | 214 | 1.2 (0.7−2.0) | 1.2 (0.7−2.0) | ||
| <200 | 0 | 136 | 2.0 (1.1−3.5) | 2.0 (1.1−3.6) | ||
| Smoking in last 6 mo | 224 | 3.4 (0.4−26.3) | — | 443 | 1.4 (0.6−3.2) | — |
| Crack use in last 6 mo | 80 | 2.2 (0.9−5.5) | — | 105 | 1.6 (1.0−2.5) | 1.5 (1.0−2.4) |
| Injection drug use in last 6 mo | ||||||
| Injection of heroin only | 100 | 1.7 (0.5−5.4) | — | 190 | 0.8 (0.5−1.1) | — |
| Injection of cocaine only | 82 | 3.4 (1.0−11.2) | 1.7 (0.2−18.1) | 186 | 0.8 (0.5−1.3) | — |
| Injection of both heroin and cocaine | 61 | 3.7 (1.1−12.2) | 1.8 (0.2−17.7) | 141 | 0.8 (0.5−1.3) | — |
| Marijuana use in last 6 mo | 96 | 4.5 (1.7−11.7) | 3.5 (1.3−9.5) | 129 | 1.1 (0.6−1.8) | — |
| Ever oral contraceptive use‡ | 178 | 2.3 (0.7−8.2) | — | 314 | 0.9 (0.5−1.5) | — |
| Any STD in last 6 mo | 28 | 1.3 (0.2−7.6) | — | 75 | 1.6 (0.9−2.8) | — |
| High–risk sex§ in last 6 mo | 88 | 0.9 (0.3−2.4) | — | 62 | 1.3 (0.7−2.4) | — |
| No. male sex partners in last 6 mo | ||||||
| 0 (reference) | 69 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 238 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 1 | 144 | 0.6 (0.1−3.4) | 0.5 (0.1−3.7) | 226 | 1.6 (1.1−2.3) | 1.6 (1.1−2.4) |
| >1 | 60 | 2.0 (0.5−8.2) | 1.2 (0.3−5.3) | 37 | 1.0 (0.5−2.3) | 0.9 (0.4−2.1) |
| No. male sex partners in last 10 yrs‡ | ||||||
| 0−2 (reference) | 104 | 1.0 | — | 106 | 1.0 | — |
| 3−7 | 109 | 0.7 (0.2−2.5) | — | 203 | 1.6 (0.8−3.1) | — |
| >7 | 54 | 0.8 (0.2−4.3) | — | 150 | 1.9 (1.0−3.7) | — |
| No. live births in lifetime‡ | ||||||
| 0−1 (reference) | 93 | 1.0 | — | 150 | 1.0 | — |
| 2 | 65 | 1.6 (0.3−8.6) | — | 81 | 0.6 (0.3−1.2) | — |
| >2 | 102 | 1.9 (0.5−7.4) | — | 193 | 0.8 (0.4−1.4) | — |
| Any antiretroviral therapy in last 6 mo | 0 | N/A | N/A | 205 | 1.5 (1.0−2.2) | 1.5 (1.0−2.3) |
HIV-uninfected adjustment: age category, injection of cocaine only in last 6 months, injection of both heroin and cocaine in last 6 months, marijuana use in last 6 months, number of male sex partners in last 6 months.
HlV-infected adjustment: age category, CD4 cell count category, crack use in last 6 months, number of male sex partners in last 6 months, any antiretroviral therapy in last 6 months.
Assessed at baseline enrollment in the parent study, ALIVE.
High risk sex is defined as anonymous and/or traded sex, sex with multiple partners without always using condom, and/or sex with injection drug user(s) without always using condom.
HIV indicates human immunodeficiency virus; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; STD, sexually transmitted disease; N/A, not applicable.