Table 5. Incidence of malaria during the malaria transmission period among children who received at least one dose of IPT.

Outcome	SP			Placebo			Protective efficacy# (95% CI)	P value
	Events	Person months at risk	Incidence rate*/100 person months	Events	Person months at risk	Incidence rate*/100 person months
All episodes with >5000 parasites per µL	30	1288.2	2.3	68	1279.4	5.3	56% (30%,73%)	0.001
All episodes of clinical malaria	91	1288.2	7.1	192	1279.4	15	53% (37%,65%)	<0.001
First or only episode with >5000 parasites per µL	26	1244.9	2.1	60	1184.6	5.1	58% (33%,73%)	<0.001
First or only episode of clinical malaria	70	1170.0	6.0	133	1054.4	13	52% (36%,64%)	<0.001

#estimated as 100×(1-HR) where HR is the hazard ratio from Cox regression, without covariate adjustment. Efficacy against the first episode of malaria, adjusted for effects of bednet use, centre and age at enrolment was 54% (37%,66%), compared with an unadjusted estimate among the subset of individuals with non-missing covariate data of 51% (33%,64%). The corresponding estimates for the first episode of malaria >5000/uL were 58% (31%,74%), compared with 56% (28%,73%) unadjusted; for all episode of malaria, 52% (38%,63%) compared to 50% (33%,63%) unadjusted; and for all episodes of malaria >5000/uL, 58% (32%,74%), compared to 55% (27%,73%) unadjusted.