Table 3.
Randomized Clinical Trials of Weight Loss and Physical Disability in Obese, Older Adults
| References 4 Unique Studies | Participants/ Study Duration | Interventions1 | Measures of Disability2 | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (55) Messier et al. (2004) ADAPT Trial |
• N=316 • BMI 34.5 ±5.6 • Age = 68 ±6.3 • Knee OA 18-Month RCT |
• Control (Health Education): C • Weight Loss (Diet Only): WL • Exercise (Aerobic & Low Int. RT): E Weight Loss + Exercise: WL+E |
SR: WOMAC(LD) P: 6 min Walk(HD) Stair Climb(HD) |
• The WL+E group had higher WOMAC scores, and improved 6-min walk time and stair climbing time relative to C. • E had improvement in 6-min walk time relative to C |
| (56) Rejeski et al. (2002) ADAPT Trial |
Same as #1 | Same as #1 | SR: Composite Physical Function Scale from SF-36(LD) | • The WL+E group had the most positive effect on SF-36 physical health index relative to C. • E and WL+E had higher body satisfaction than C. • WL, E, and WL+E had high appearance satisfaction than C. |
| (57) Focht et al. (2005) ADAPT Trial |
Same as #1 | Same as #1 | SR: Confidence in ability to walk (HD) and stair climb(HD) P: 6 min Walk(HD) Stair Climb(HD) |
• The WL+E group had improvement in self-efficacy (SE) for stair climbing and walking relative to C. • SE and pain partially mediated benefits in WL+E on stair climb time. |
| (58) Miller et al. (2006) | • N = 87 • BMI 34.3 ±3.9 • Age = 69.3 ±5.9 • Knee OA • 6-Month RCT |
• Control (Health Education): C • Weight Loss (Diet) + Exercise (Aerobic & Low Int. RT): WL+E |
SR: WOMAC(LD) P: GXT (HD) 6 min Walk(HD) Stair climb(HD) |
• WL+E had improved WOMAC scores, 6-min walk and stair climb time compared to C. • Amount of WL was related to gains in function. |
| (59)Villareal et al. (2006) | • N = 27 • BMI 38.5 ±5.3 for Treatment; 39.0 ±5.0 for Control • Age = 71.1 ±5.1 for Treatment; 69.4 ±4.6 for Control • Mild to Moderately Frail • 26-Week RCT |
• No Treatment Control: C • Weight Loss (Diet) + Exercise (30 min Aerobic + 30 min of RT + 15 min Balance training): WL + E |
SR: ADL difficulty via Functional Status Questionnaire: FSQ (LD), SF-36 (LD) P: PPT(LD) GXT for VO2 peak(HD) |
• In the WL+E group fat mass decreased with change in fat-free mass. • The WL+E group had improved PPT scores, >VO2 peak, >strength and higher FSQ scores than C. |
| (60)Bouchard et al. (2009) | • N = 48 • BMI 31.6 ±2.5 • Age = 62.6 ±3.9 • Postmenopausal Women • Healthy • 3-Month RCT |
•No Treatment Control: C • Weight Loss (diet only): WL • RT (high int.; 3X wk) • Weight Loss + RT |
P: A summary scores of both upper (3 tasks) and lower (8 tasks) extremity tests. | • The summary score for function improved in the RT group relative to C. • CR+RT was the only group to improve on 6-min walk time over 3-months. |
1
High Int. = High Intensity; RT = Resistance Training
2
SR= self-report; P = performance; HD = high demand; LD = low demand