Table 1.
Mean baseline (± standard deviation) clinical characteristics and muscle performance and biochemical measurements of the 162 study subjects by sex and treatment group
| Number | Men |
Women |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | Bicarbonate | Control | Bicarbonate | |
| 35 | 36 | 49 | 42 | |
| Clinical characteristics | ||||
| Age (year) | 64.2±8.2 | 63.8±8.3 | 62.7±7.4 | 61.7±7.8 |
| Height (cm) | 174.4±7.2 | 175.8±7.9 | 161.7±5.3 | 162.4±6.7 |
| Weight (kg) | 79.1±12.0 | 83.9±12.1 | 67.2±12.5 | 67.6±9.4 |
| Creatinine clearance (ml/min/1.73×m2) | 96.2±21.7 | 96.5±26.7 | 88.6±22.8 | 88.4±20.1 |
| Activity scoreb | 176.0±88.3 | 147.4±93.2 | 161.9±81.0 | 162.8±71.9 |
| Lean tissue mass (%) | 71.0±6.0 | 68.6±6.3 | 58.4±7.4 | 58.7±6.7 |
| Leg power output | ||||
| Knee extension (40% 1-RM, W)c | 242.7±12.7 | 236.9±12.6 | 131.2±5.6 | 136.2±6.0 |
| Knee extension (70% 1-RM, W)c | 294.4±17.0 | 305.7±17.9 | 145.3±6.3 | 153.6±6.8 |
| Double leg press (40% 1-RM, W) | 1272.3±54.1 | 1199.0±57.3 | 744.8±25.6 | 741.7±31.1 |
| Double leg press (70% 1-RM, W) | 1286.1±67.1 | 1245.0±56.6 | 733.1±27.8 | 724.0±29.8 |
| Isokinetic leg endurancec | ||||
| Knee extension (240°/s, Nm) | 63.5±4.0 | 65.6±3.3 | 36.7±1.5 | 37.2±2.0 |
| Knee flexion (240°/s, Nm) | 53.8±2.5 | 54.5±2.9 | 34.2±1.5 | 35.9±1.7 |
| Grip strength (kgf)c | 43.2±1.1 | 43.0±1.2 | 27.2±0.7 | 27.0±0.07 |
| 24-h urine | ||||
| NAE (mmol) | 38.64±25.19 | 42.81±38.64 | 24.86±18.02 | 27.98±16.20 |
| Creatinine (Cr; mmol) | 13.31±3.01 | 13.11±3.72 | 8.68±1.98 | 8.71±2.65 |
| Nitrogen/Cr (mmol/mmol) | 66.8±14.3 | 73.4±17.3 | 79.6±18.2 | 83.5±17.4 |
| NAE/Cr (mmol/mmol) | 2.80±1.68 | 3.36±1.46 | 2.78±1.87 | 3.31±1.99 |
| Potassium/Cr (mmol/mmol) | 6.02±2.46 | 9.74±1.56 | 6.93±0.35 | 7.29±0.46 |
| Sodium/Cr (mmol/mmol) | 10.86±4.19 | 9.74±3.37 | 13.86±5.13 | 13.48±4.14 |
| Serum | ||||
| 25-OH vitamin D (nmol/L)b | 58.5±14.5 | 63.0±20.0 | 61.8±15.3 | 59.3±14.8 |
| PTH (pmol/L) | 5.60±1.93 | 6.22±2.43 | 5.73±1.84 | 6.07±1.91 |
| IGF-1 (nmol/L) | 975.4±256.0 | 902.6±262.6 | 894.2±245.7 | 970.6±273.8 |
a
Measured on the screening visit
b
There were up to two missing values in the physical activity score
c
Mean of both limbs