Table 1.

Induction of GST and NQOl by dithiolethiones in rat bladder in vivo

					Relative enzyme activity in the bladder (treated/control)
	Compd	R1	R2	X	NQOl	GST
	1	H	H	S	2.78 ± 0.11*	1.70 ± 0.04*
	2	H	H	O	1.26 ± 0.09	1.01 ± 0.04
	3	CH3	H	S	1.83 ± 0.12*	1.23 ± 0.06
	4	H	CH3	S	1.23 ± 0.06	1.08 ± 0.05
	5	CH3	SH	S	1.29 ± 0.09	1.08 ± 0.14
	6	C6H5	SH	S	1.11 ± 0.07	1.03 ± 0.05
	7	CO2H	H	S	3.69 ± 0.30*	2.11 ± 0.15*
	8	CO2H	CH3	S	1.10 ± 0.04	0.99 ± 0.05
	9	H	CO2H	S	1.27 ± 0.10	1.11 ± 0.07
	10	H	4-OH-C6H5	S	1.02 ± 0.05	0.95 ± 0.07
	11	CO2CH3	H	S	5.05 ± 0.35*	2.69 ± 0.20*
	12	CO2C2H5	H	S	4.82 ± 0.10*	2.76 ± 0.11*
	13	CO2CH3	CH3	S	1.24 ± 0.08	1.24 ± 0.08
	14	CO2C2H5	NH2	S	2.03 ± 0.23*	1.25 ± 0.10
	15	H	CO2C2H5	S	1.13 ± 0.09	1.09 ± 0.04
	16	H	H	S	3.14 ± 0.10*	1.68 ± 0.05*
	17	H	H	O	1.24 ± 0.08*	1.11 ± 0.06
	18	H	CO2CH3	S	4.39 ± 0.31*	2.31 ± 0.15*
	19	H	CO2C2H5	S	4.47 ± 0.40*	2.29 ± 0.19*
	20	CO2C2H5	H	S	1.23 ± 0.04*	1.11 ± 0.07
	21	H	CH3	S	1.91 ± 0.16*	1.30 ± 0.06*
	22	CH3	H	S	1.81 ± 0.07*	1.31 ± 0.05*
	23	n = 2			1.46 ± 0.09*	1.05 ± 0.03
	24	n = 3			1.20 ± 0.07	1.14 ± 0.05
	25	n = 4			1.08 ± 0.06	1.11 ± 0.05

^*Significantly different from the corresponding control value (P<0.05). Groups of female Sprague-Dawley rats were dosed with vehicle or the test compound by gavage at 7.5 μmol/kg/day for 10 days and sacrificed on the 11th day. Bladders were promptly removed and assayed for enzymatic activities of GST and NQO1. Each value represents the mean ± SEM of results for the 6 animals in each treatment group.