Table 1.
Mean and standard error (SE) of the reference and matching forces in all conditions. DH/NH represents the task in which the finger of the dominant hand (DH) produces the reference force and the finger of the non-dominant hand (NH) produces the matching force. Similar coding for DH/DH, NH/NH, and NH/DH. I/L represents the task in which the index (I) finger produces the reference force and the little (L) finger produces the matching force. Similar coding for I/I and L/I. There are three reference force levels, 15%, 25% and 35% MVC. Ref and Mat represent reference and matching forces, respectively. Inst and Total are the forces produced by the instructed finger (I or L) and by all fingers (sum of the instructed and uninstructed finger forces), respectively. Values in ( ) represent standard errors. Units are in Newton.
| Inst | Total | Inst | Total | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ref | Mat | Ref | Mat | Ref | Mat | Ref | Mat | ||||||
| DH/DH | I/I | 15 | 6.5 (1.8) | 6.3 (2.2) | 6.7 (1.9) | 6.5 (2.2) | DH/NH | I/I | 15 | 6.5 (1.8) | 6.3 (2.2) | 6.9 (2.1) | 6.6 (2.4) |
| 25 | 10.7 (3.0) | 10.1 (2.7) | 11.4 (3.4) | 10.6 (3.0) | 25 | 10.6 (2.9) | 9.2 (3.1) | 11.5 (3.4) | 10.1 (3.3) | ||||
| 35 | 14.9 (4.1) | 13.1 (3.8) | 16.1 (4.8) | 14.3 (4.4) | 35 | 15.0 (4.1) | 12.8 (4.4) | 16.1 (4.8) | 14.3 (5.0) | ||||
| I/L | 15 | 6.5 (1.8) | 6.3 (1.8) | 6.9 (2.1) | 8.2 (2.0) | I/L | 15 | 6.4 (1.8) | 6.8 (2.3) | 6.7 (2.1) | 9.1 (3.6) | ||
| 25 | 10.7 (2.9) | 8.4 (2.6) | 11.5 (3.3) | 11.9 (3.9) | 25 | 10.7 (2.9) | 8.6 (3.6) | 11.3 (3.3) | 11.5 (5.1) | ||||
| 35 | 15.0 (4.1) | 10.6 (3.1) | 16.1 (4.7) | 15.7 (5.2) | 35 | 15.0 (4.2) | 9.6 (2.6) | 16.0 (4.7) | 14.2 (5.5) | ||||
| L/I | 15 | 3.0 (1.0) | 3.8 (2.1) | 3.6 (1.4) | 3.9 (2.3) | L/I | 15 | 3.0 (1.0) | 3.8 (1.3) | 3.7 (1.4) | 4.1 (1.2) | ||
| 25 | 5.0 (1.7) | 5.9 (2.8) | 6.0 (2.3) | 5.8 (2.9) | 25 | 5.0 (1.6) | 5.3 (2.1) | 6.4 (2.7) | 5.5 (2.2) | ||||
| 35 | 7.0 (2.3) | 7.3 (3.0) | 8.9 (3.4) | 7.8 (3.2) | 35 | 7.0 (2.3) | 6.5 (4.2) | 8.9 (3.5) | 6.8 (4.7) | ||||
| NH/NH | I/I | 15 | 5.6 (1.7) | 5.9 (2.1) | 6.1 (2.1) | 6.3 (2.5) | NH/DH | I/I | 15 | 5.6 (1.7) | 6.9 (3.4) | 6.2 (2.0) | 7.3 (3.6) |
| 25 | 9.3 (2.7) | 9.4 (3.2) | 10.5 (3.8) | 10.7 (4.1) | 25 | 9.3 (2.7) | 9.7 (4.0) | 10.4 (3.5) | 10.6 (4.3) | ||||
| 35 | 12.9 (3.9) | 11.8 (3.9) | 14.5 (5.2) | 13.5 (5.2) | 35 | 12.9 (3.8) | 13.1 (5.8) | 14.6 (5.3) | 14.5 (6.6) | ||||
| I/L | 15 | 5.6 (1.7) | 6.2 (2.3) | 6.2 (2.1) | 7.7 (2.7) | I/L | 15 | 5.6 (1.6) | 6.9 (2.7) | 6.1 (2.1) | 9.1 (4.3) | ||
| 25 | 9.2 (2.7) | 7.8 (3.0) | 10.2 (3.3) | 10.1 (4.1) | 25 | 9.3 (2.8) | 8.6 (3.4) | 10.4 (3.6) | 12.0 (6.5) | ||||
| 35 | 12.9 (3.9) | 8.7 (3.5) | 14.3 (4.8) | 13.1 (6.7) | 35 | 12.9 (3.8) | 10.5 (3.8) | 14.3 (4.9) | 16.2 (10.2) | ||||
| L/I | 15 | 2.9 (0.9) | 4.3 (2.1) | 3.6 (1.2) | 4.5 (2.0) | L/I | 15 | 2.9 (0.9) | 4.7 (2.9) | 3.4 (1.1) | 4.9 (2.8) | ||
| 25 | 4.9 (1.8) | 6.0 (2.6) | 5.9 (2.1) | 6.6 (2.7) | 25 | 4.7 (1.6) | 6.7 (4.0) | 5.8 (2.0) | 7.2 (4.0) | ||||
| 35 | 6.6 (2.2) | 7.5 (3.8) | 7.9 (2.6) | 8.2 (3.9) | 35 | 6.6 (2.1) | 7.4 (4.8) | 7.8 (2.6) | 8.0 (4.9) | ||||