Figure 3.

Sleep deprivation and encoding of emotional and non-emotional declarative memory. Effects of 38 hr of total sleep deprivation on encoding of human declarative memory a) When combined across all emotional and non-emotional categories, b) When separated by emotional (positive and negative valence) and non-emotional (neutral valence) categories, demonstrating a significant group [sleep, sleep-deprivation] × emotion category [positive, negative, neutral] interaction (F(1,18) 3.58, p < .05). Post-hoc t-test comparisons:

†p < .08, *p < .05, **p < .01, n.s. not significant, error bars represent s.e.m.