Fig. 3.

Single events in the network dynamics of model 2 consist of several subsequent pulses of highly synchronous spiking activity with temporal distance of about 5 ms. (A) An event in a random network. (Top and Middle) The spike rates (number of spikes per bin, all bin sizes 0.5 ms) of the inhibitory and of the excitatory population, respectively. (Bottom) The spiking activity of the excitatory population. (B) An event generated by a network in which only the recurrent connections of a subpopulation of the excitatory neurons allow supralinear dendritic interactions. This subpopulation (spike rate of 500 neurons; Bottom) and the inhibitory population (spike rate; Top) participate in events. Other excitatory neurons essentially do not participate (spike rate of 500 neurons; Middle). (C) An event in a network with a feed-forward structure in the excitatory population created by the presence of supralinear dendritic interactions (group sizes: 350 neurons). (Upper) The event has the usual profile (rate of the excitatory population). (Lower) The spiking activity of the excitatory population reflects the feed-forward structure in the underlying network. See main text and Fig. S4 for details.