Table 5.

Maximum likelihood estimates: men.

	Independence model		Frank model
	Participation	Duration	Participation	Duration
Constant	0.444	1.984⁎⁎	1.065	1.774⁎⁎
Age 16 to 24	0.825⁎⁎	− 0.021	0.784⁎⁎	0.195
Age 25 to 34	0.567⁎⁎	0.026	0.482⁎⁎	0.157
Age 35 to 44	0.324⁎⁎	0.030	0.289⁎⁎	0.103
Age 45 to 54	0.062	0.030	0.021	0.057
Ln equivalised household income	0.136⁎⁎		0.108⁎⁎
Single	0.137	0.050	0.126	0.102
Divorced/separated/widowed	− 0.049	− 0.197⁎	− 0.086	− 0.164⁎
No. children aged 2–15	0.123⁎⁎	− 0.020	0.064	0.001
No. children under age 2	− 0.013	− 0.149⁎	− 0.094	− 0.174⁎
Natural mother alive	− 0.006	0.106⁎	0.005	0.141⁎⁎
Hours watching TV per week	− 0.029⁎⁎	− 0.010	− 0.029⁎⁎	− 0.019⁎⁎
Car available in household	0.056		− 0.023
No education	− 0.335⁎⁎		− 0.335⁎⁎
Retired	0.280	− 0.099	0.223	− 0.031
Unemployed	0.017	0.071	0.053	0.053
Economically inactive	− 0.067	0.101	− 0.041	0.032
General health: Very good	0.837⁎⁎	0.326⁎	0.892⁎⁎	0.600⁎⁎
Good	0.610⁎⁎	0.304⁎	0.669⁎⁎	0.487⁎⁎
Fair	0.294	0.219	0.344⁎	0.324⁎⁎
Psychological wellbeing:
Good	− 0.067		− 0.088
Fair	0.220⁎		0.122
Missing	− 0.333		− 0.313
Limiting longstanding illness		− 0.093		− 0.090
Non-limiting longstanding illness		− 0.095		− 0.091
Accident	0.132		0.016
Health Board average hours phys activity	0.368⁎⁎		0.273⁎⁎
Health Board average BMI	− 0.128		− 0.132
Smoker	− 0.124	0.015	− 0.092	− 0.034
Ex-smoker	0.090	0.020	0.076	0.060
Regular under limit drinker	0.167⁎	− 0.047	0.134⁎	0.003
Regular over limit drinker	0.084	− 0.078	0.023	− 0.044
Healthy diet score	0.019⁎⁎	0.000	0.020⁎⁎	0.005
Moderate vigour		− 1.308⁎		− 1.388⁎⁎
High vigour		− 1.029⁎		− 1.074⁎⁎
Gamma shape α		0.303		0.210⁎⁎
Copula theta θ				6.156⁎⁎
LogL	− 4627.95		− 4552.96
Kendall tau τ				0.522⁎⁎

Notes: Significance from zero at the 5% level is indicated by ⁎, and at the 1% level by ⁎⁎.

Units of measure: hours over a 4 week period.

Sample size n = 2020, number of participants n₁ = 1131.