Table 1.
Summary of studies looking at pregnancy and reproduction intentions among men with HIV
| Study | Country | N | Gender (sexuality if given) | Fatherhood finding |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paiva et al 2003 [10] | Brazil | 250 | Men | 43% desired children. Low support and input from health care and reproductive health providers. |
| Paiva et al 2007 [11] | Brazil | 739 | Women (533), men (206): bisexual and heterosexual | Desire for child (27.9%) more frequent among men than among women (50.1% versus 19.2%). Bisexual men more likely to desire biologic children. Male gender, younger age, having no children, living with 1-2 children, and being in a heterosexual partnership were independently associated with desire to have children. |
| Heys et al 2010 [12] | Uganda | 421 (199 HIV+, 222 HIV-) | Men (36%) and women (64%): heterosexual | Odds ratio of wanting to stop childbearing was 6.25 times greater (p < 0.01) for people living with HIV. |
| Sherr & Barry 2004 [4] | UK | 32 | Men (heterosexual) | 59% said fatherhood gave meaning to their lives, high fertility desire, low support and access to health care input on reproduction. |
| Sherr & Barry 2003 [66] | UK | 84 | Men (MSM) | 77.6% said there was no discussion with a doctor about becoming a parent. 68.2% felt they were not sufficiently informed. |
| Chen et al 2001 [6] | USA | 1421 | Men and women ** (M = bisexual or heterosexual, F = heterosexual) | 59% of men expect to have a child. 20% of men who desire child have a partner who does not desire child. |
| Cooper et al 2009 [8] | South Africa | 459 | Men (174) and women (285): heterosexual | 57% of men were open to possibility of having children. Intention associated with being male, having fewer children and ART treatment. |
| Nakayiwa et al 2006 [13] | Uganda | 1092 | Men (408) and women (604): heterosexual | Men 4 times more likely to want children than women. |
| Oladapo et al 2005 [14] | Nigeria | 147 | Men (52), women (95): heterosexual | 71% of men intended to have a child (or more than one). Non-disclosure of HIV status to partner increased odds of child desire. |
| Panozzo et al 2003 [7] | Switzerland | 114 | Men (68) and women (46) ** | 38% expressed a desire for children, women more often than men. |
| Cooper et al 2007* [89] | South Africa | 61 | Men and women | Strong reproductive desires; treatment availability enhanced such desires. |
| Ko and Muecke 2005* [90] | Taiwan | 8 | Men and women | Optimism and high information seeking. |
| Smith and Mbakwem 2007* [91] | Nigeria | 22 | Men and women | Treatment enables reproductive goals for both men and women. |
| Ndlovu V et al 2009* [15] | Zimbabwe | 15 | Couples (men and women, at least 1 HIV+) | Treatment availability transformed intentions. None had extinguished intentions. |
* = qualitative studies
** = studies which specifically excluded men who have sex with men exclusively